Species structure of communities of oligochaetes (Oligochaeta, Annelida) in the upstream water of the Pechora and Vychegda Rivers: a comparative faunal analysis

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Abstract

A comparison of oligochaete communities of different landscapes in the upstream water of two large rivers, which flowing through the European Northeast of Russia – Pechora and Vychegda. A high diversity of oligochaetes (42 taxa) was found, with species common to both rivers comprising only 26% of the fauna. The family Naididae prevailed in species richness in both rivers. Dominant species included Lumbriculus variegatus, Nais communis, and Propappus volki in the Pechora River and in the Vychegda River – Nais bretscheri, Stylodrilus heringianus, Spirosperma ferox, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, and Potamothrix hammoniensis. It was shown that the diversity in the studied parts of the rivers is primarily based on a large number of rarely encountered species. Calculations of diversity indices revealed opposite trends for the oligochaete communities in the upper reaches of the Pechora and Vychegda rivers. For the Pechora River, an increase in alpha diversity, expressed by the Shannon (HN) and Simpson (1-DS) indices and species richness, was observed from the upper (mountainous) to the lower (plains) section. Conversely, for the Vychegda River, a decrease in diversity downstream was noted. The comparison of faunas between the rivers (beta diversity), expressed by the Whittaker index, showed higher diversity of oligochaete communities in the upper reaches of the Pechora River.

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M. A. Baturina

Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: baturina@ib.komisc.ru

Institute of Biology

Russian Federation, Syktyvkar

A. B. Novakovsky

Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: baturina@ib.komisc.ru

Institute of Biology

Russian Federation, Syktyvkar

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Species richness of oligochaete families in the upper reaches of the Pechora (1) and Vychegda (2) rivers. Representatives of the Enchytraeidae family were not identified to species level.

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3. Fig. 2. Alpha diversity (species richness, Shannon index HN, Simpson index 1-DS) and evenness (Pielou index E) of oligochaete communities in the landscapes of the upper reaches of the Pechora and Vychegda rivers. 1 (VP-I) – mountainous region, 2 (VP-II) – ridges of the western slope of the Urals; 3 (VP-III) – Pechora plain (Pechora river); 4 (BB-I) – mountainous part, 5 (BB-II) – flat part (Vychegda river). The ordinate axis reflects changes in alpha diversity indices, the abscissa axis shows different groups of hydrological samples combined for different landscapes of the Pechora and Vychegda rivers.

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4. Fig. 3. Rank distribution of species by dominance index D. The designations are the same as in Fig. 2. Species are given in order of decreasing dominance index.

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5. Fig. 4. Ordination by the non-metric scaling method (NMS) based on the Sørensen–Chekanowski similarity coefficient. The designations (1–5) are the same as in Fig. 2.

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