Polyphenols from Vitis vinifera L. Grape Stems Regulate Alcohol Metabolism and Reduce Its Toxic Effects in Rats

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Аннотация

The study examined the effect of Vitis vinifera L. grape stem (bunch after berry separation) extract enriched with a polyphenol complex on ethanol elimination and the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (AlDH) in rat liver under chronic alcohol intoxication. The total content of polyphenols in the resulting extract was 53.12 ± 1.25 mg GAE/g dw extract (mg-equivalent of gallic acid/g) and flavonoids – 8.02 ± 2.6 mg GAE/g dw extract (mg-equivalent of quercetin/g). Under the influence of 5% grape stem extract (GSE) added to a 15% ethanol solution, a decrease in ethyl alcohol consumption by animals was observed, both under conditions of free access and forced contact with ethanol. Comparative analysis of ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters in rats showed that the addition of GSE leads to a decrease in ethanol elimination from the body, as evidenced by an increase in the half-life (T1/2) and a decrease in the ethanol elimination constant (Kel) in the blood. It was found that the complex of polyphenols contained in plant extracts plays a major role in the processing of ethyl alcohol in other animals, being exposed to enzymes that occur in its oxidation. The action of GSE leads to an increase in the reductase activity of ADH in the liver, which helps prevent the accumulation of highly toxic acetaldehyde in the body. This fact is confirmed by a decrease in the activity of the AlDG enzyme in the liver of rats with both low and high Michaelis constants. The polyphenol complex isolated from grape stem can serve as an effective means of protecting the body from the toxic effects of high doses of ethyl alcohol.

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Авторлар туралы

S. Fomenko

Ilyichev Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: fomenko29@mail.ru
Ресей, Vladivostok

N. Kushnerova

Ilyichev Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS

Email: fomenko29@mail.ru
Ресей, Vladivostok

V. Sprygin

Ilyichev Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS

Email: fomenko29@mail.ru
Ресей, Vladivostok

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2. Fig. 1. Average daily consumption of 15% ethanol (Group 1) and 15% ethanol with the addition of EGV (5%) (Group 2) by rats for 15 weeks (ml/kg body weight). GSE – grape comb extract (GCE). Differences are statistically significant when compared with Group 1: * – p < 0.05; ** – p < 0.01.

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3. Fig. 2. ADH and ALDH activity in rat liver after consumption of ethanol and ethanol with EGV for three weeks. Differences are statistically significant when compared with the control: * – p < 0.05. GSE – grape comb extract (GCE), ADHethanol – ADHsubstrate ethanol, ADHacetaldehyde – ADHsubstrate acetaldehyde, AlDHtotal – AlDHtotal, AlDHlow Km – AlDHwith low Km, AlDHhigh Km – AlDHwith high Km.

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