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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">321722</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent321722</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental and Theoretical Investigations</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментально-теоретические исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Experimental comparison of screw loosening of full zirconia crowns supported by straight implants, straight implants with angled abutments, and angled implants with different platform inclinations: An <italic>in vitro</italic> study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспериментальное сравнение уменьшения степени затяжки фиксирующего винта у керамических диоксидциркониевых коронок с опорой на прямые имплантаты, прямые имплантаты с угловыми абатментами и угловые имплантаты с различным углом наклона платформы. Исследование <italic>in vitro</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-6229</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3549-7597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzhoeva</surname><given-names>Khava M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мержоева</surname><given-names>Хава Магомедовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>kh_a_va@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3309-538X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3355-6397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашов</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>mmurashov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6873-5869</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8186-2654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронов</surname><given-names>Игорь Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>voronov77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">People’s Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-05-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-20"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-08-21"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/321722">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/321722</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> The success of placing an immediate implant in the area of the maxillary central incisor depends on the degree of tightening of the fixation screw for full zirconia crown. Clinicians use implants of various designs and angled abutments to bypass anatomical limitations, achieve a stable primary implant, and fabricate a screw-retained crown. However, a crown fabricated for an implant can experience non-axial loads during occlusion, which can loosen screws and adversely affect treatment success, particularly during the early postoperative period.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic></bold> To compare the effect of cyclic loading on the reliability of the fixation screw for a full zirconia crown supported by an angled implant with platform inclinations of 12, 24, and 36 using straight implants or straight implants with an angled abutments.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> The degree of prosthetic screw tightening was studied in 30 samples (six groups of 5 implant types, such as straight implants, straight implants with standard 17° angled abutments, or 12° custom abutments and angled implants with platform inclinations of 12°, 24°, and 36°). A full zirconia crown was fabricated for the maxillary central incisor, fixed on every implant, and exposed to cyclic loading for 1×10<sup>6</sup> cycles. Then, the maximum unscrewing torque was determined for each group, and statistical analysis was carried out.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The minimum values of the maximum torque value was 20.804±0.01 N/cm for the group of straight implants with 17° angled abutments and the maximum value for the group of straight implants was 22.82±0.04 N/cm. However, the values in these groups were higher than those of the groups of implants with angled abutments.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> This study showed that fixation screws are more reliable in crowns supported by straight implants or angled implants with different platform inclinations. Therefore, these implants are the preferred option for placing an implant in the anterior region.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Степень затяжки фиксирующего винта у диоксидциркониевых коронок значительно влияет на успех лечения при проведении немедленной имплантации в лунку центрального резца верхней челюсти. Для проведения данного вида лечения клиницисты используют имплантаты различного дизайна и имплантаты с угловыми абатментами, чтобы обойти анатомические ограничения, добиться первичной стабильности имплантата и изготовить коронку с винтовой фиксацией. Однако изготовленная на установленный имплантат коронка будет испытывать неаксиальные нагрузки во время смыкания зубных рядов, что способно привести к ослаблению фиксирующего винта. Это может неблагоприятно влиять на успех лечения, особенно в ранние сроки после установки имплантата.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>— провести сравнительный анализ влияния циклической нагрузки на надёжность фиксирующего винта у керамических диоксидциркониевых коронок, фиксированных к угловым имплантатам с углом наклона платформы 12°, 24°, 36°, прямым имплантатам и прямым имплантатам с угловыми абатментами.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Степень затяжки фиксирующего винта была исследована у 30 образцов, 6 групп по 5 имплантатов (прямые имплантаты, прямые имплантаты со стандартными угловыми абатментами 17° и с индивидуальными абатментами 12°, угловые имплантаты с углом наклона платформы 12°, 24°, 36°). На каждый имплантат была изготовлена и фиксирована диоксидциркониевая коронка центрального резца верхней челюсти. Далее проводилось циклическое нагружение до 1×10<sup>6</sup> циклов. После этого определялся максимальный крутящий момент при выкручивании фиксирующего винта в каждой группе. Проводился статистический анализ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Минимальные значения максимального крутящего момента были определены у группы прямых имплантатов с угловыми абатментами 17° и составили 20,804±0,01 Н/см, максимальные значения — у группы прямых имплантатов: 22,82±0,04 Н/см. Значительной статистической разницы в значениях у групп прямых и угловых имплантатов определено не было, однако значения у этих групп были выше в сравнении с группами имплантатов с угловыми абатментами.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Согласно результатам исследования, надёжность фиксирующего винта выше у коронок, фиксированных к прямым имплантатам и угловым имплантатам с различным углом наклона платформы. Поэтому применение этих имплантатов является наиболее предпочтительным методом для проведения немедленной имплантации в переднем отделе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dental implant placement</kwd><kwd>immediate loading</kwd><kwd>esthetics</kwd><kwd>maxillary central incisors</kwd><kwd>maxillary anatomy</kwd><kwd>prosthetics</kwd><kwd>screw retention</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дентальная имплантация</kwd><kwd>немедленная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>эстетика</kwd><kwd>центральный резец верхней челюсти</kwd><kwd>анатомия верхней челюсти</kwd><kwd>протезирование</kwd><kwd>винтовая фиксация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koh RU, Rudek I, Wang HL. Immediate implant placement: positives and negatives. 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