Russian Journal of DentistryRussian Journal of DentistryРоссийский стоматологический журнал1728-28022413-2934Eco-Vector4215210.18821/1728-28022017;21(2):111-116ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleFREE GINGIVAL GRAFT MORPHOGENESISМОРФОГЕНЕЗ СВОБОДНОГО ДЕСНЕВОГО ТРАНСПЛАНТАТАEdranovS. SЕдрановС. Сinfo@eco-vector.comKerzikovR. AКерзиковРустам Андреевичr.kerzikov@gmail.comDepartment of histology Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian FederationКафедра гистологии ФГБОУ ВО «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России15042017212VOL 21, NO2 (2017)ТОМ 21, №2 (2017)11111604082020Copyright ©; 2017, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2017, ООО "Эко-Вектор"2017Eco-VectorООО "Эко-Вектор"https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/42152

This review analyzes the current state of the problem of creating the area of keratinized and attached gingiva in dental implantology. Apically positioned flap with a free gingival graft (FGG) placement is considered the gold standard in the oral soft tissue plastic surgery. It is noted that the periosteal or connective tissue recipient bed is an important prerequisite to graft revascularization and survival. FGGs placed on the periosteum often display clinical mobility while grafts fixed on denuded alveolar bone predictably create a firmly attached band of keratinized gingiva. The development of specific techniques and methods for fixing the FGG on bone bed have special priority. Exploring rigid fixation of the graft, as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms that determine the dynamics of the regenerative processes at the graft-bed interface has great clinical potential.

Авторы анализируют современное состояние проблемы формирования зоны кератинизированной прикрепленной десны в дентальной имплантологии. Апикальное смещение лоскута с фиксацией свободного десневого трансплантата (СДТ) считается золотым стандартом в пластической хирургии мягких тканей полости рта. Отмечено, что надкостничное или соединительнотканное ложе служит важным условием реваскуляризации и приживления трансплантата. СДТ, пересаженные на надкостницу, нередко оказываются клинически подвижными, при этом пересадка СДТ на кость при полной иммобилизации предсказуемо дает зону кератинизированной десны с более плотным прикреплением. Указан особый приоритет развития специфических техник и методов фиксации СДТ на костное ложе. Изучение методов ригидной фиксации трансплантатов, а также клеточных и молекулярных механизмов, определяющих динамику регенераторных процессов на границе трансплантат - ложе, имеет большой клинический потенциал.

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