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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">637462</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent637462</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern personal identification methods in dentistry</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные методы идентификации личности в стоматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-9099</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7617-8166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verkhovskiy</surname><given-names>Andrey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верховский</surname><given-names>Андрей Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>a.verhovskii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3281-707X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6317-9002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Apresyan</surname><given-names>Samvel V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апресян</surname><given-names>Самвел Владиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>apresyan@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-0998</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5848-6077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>Александр Геннадиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>stepanovmd@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Smolensk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Смоленский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>624</fpage><lpage>633</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-25"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-12-22"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/637462">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/637462</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper provides a review of relevant studies on the use of digital technology for personal identification in dentistry, as well as the main challenges of their implementation and use in real-world dental practice. Modern aspects of diagnosis and comprehensive planning of identification studies are aimed at improving the efficacy of solving complex medical and legal problems. The use of digital technology in dentistry has improved the accuracy of personal identification, as well as the reliability of forensic evidence. Significant advantages of digital photo and X-ray examinations over conventional techniques, as well as the benefits of digital 3D face reconstruction and dental identification, have been demonstrated. These findings indicate that artificial intelligence technology has the potential to improve identification methods.</p> <p>At the same time, professional literature demonstrates shortcomings of artificial intelligence-based solutions in terms of discrimination, transparency, accountability, personal privacy, data safety, ethical norms, and other critical aspects. Thus, some authors suggest that the use of intellectual computer systems should be limited or even prohibited when drawing final conclusions and making judgments based on expert examination results. However, leading industry experts are increasingly convinced that the virtual evolution of self-developing artificial intelligence systems designed for independent existence is unavoidable.</p> <p>According to recent research, the scientific community is increasingly interested in the implementation of innovative digital technology for effective solving of everyday research and practice challenges. Thus, digital technology has the potential to be a valuable tool for solving personal identification tasks and improving the quality of forensic evidence.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлен обзор актуальных научных исследований применения цифровых компьютерных технологий в практике стоматологической идентификации личности, проанализированы основные проблемы их внедрения и фактического использования. Установлено, что современные аспекты диагностики и комплексного планирования идентификационного исследования направлены на повышение эффективности решения сложных медико-правовых вопросов. Применение цифровых стоматологических технологий позволило повысить результативность процесса идентификации личности человека, а также достоверность предоставляемых судебных доказательств. Показаны существенные преимущества методов цифрового фото- и рентгенологического исследования по сравнению с традиционными, а также достоинства цифровой 3D-реконструкции лица и дентальной идентификации, что свидетельствует о потенциальных перспективах использования технологии искусственного интеллекта с целью оптимизации решения идентификационных задач.</p> <p>В то же время в специальной литературе есть свидетельства об обнаружении несовершенства интеллектуальных методов, связанного с дискриминацией, прозрачностью, подотчётностью, неприкосновенностью частной жизни, безопасностью данных, этическими нормами и другими важными аспектами. В связи с этим высказываются мнения о необходимости частичного ограничения использования интеллектуальных компьютерных систем для формулирования окончательных выводов и принятия итоговых решений по результатам проведённых экспертных исследований, вплоть до полного отказа. Несмотря на это, ведущие специалисты отрасли всё чаще с настороженностью заявляют о неизбежности виртуальной эволюции саморазвивающихся систем искусственного интеллекта, призванных к автономному экзистенциализму.</p> <p>По данным современных научных исследований можно отметить рост интереса научного сообщества к вопросам внедрения цифровых инновационных технологий для обеспечения эффективного решения повседневных научных и практических задач. Таким образом, потенциальные возможности успешного применения цифровых технологий для решения задач идентификации личности и повышения качества предоставляемых судебных доказательств остаются весьма многообещающими.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital dentistry</kwd><kwd>personal identification</kwd><kwd>ChatGPT</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровая стоматология</kwd><kwd>идентификация личности</kwd><kwd>ChatGPT</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagi R, Aravinda K, Rakesh N, et al. Digitization in forensic odontology: A paradigm shift in forensic investigations. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2019;11(1):5–10. doi: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_55_19</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagi R., Aravinda K., Rakesh N., et al. 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