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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">646227</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent646227</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental and Theoretical Investigations</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментально-теоретические исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en"><italic>In vitro</italic> evaluation of microbial test culture adhesion on the surface of denture base materials coated with denture adhesives</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка <italic>in vitro</italic> адгезии микробных тест-культур на поверхности конструкционных материалов для производства съёмных зубных протезов, покрытых адгезивными составами для фиксации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3352-8696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tskhovrebov</surname><given-names>Inal R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цховребов</surname><given-names>Инал Радионович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inal86@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3281-707X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6317-9002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Apresyan</surname><given-names>Samvel V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апресян</surname><given-names>Самвел Владиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>dr.apresyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-0998</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5848-6077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>Alexander G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>Александр Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>stepanovmd@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9302-0155</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7205-1836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gizinger</surname><given-names>Oksana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гизингер</surname><given-names>Оксана Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>OGizinger@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6479-8192</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2318-6028</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskovets</surname><given-names>Oksana O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Московец</surname><given-names>Оксана Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>om.stomat@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-15"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-04-29"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/646227">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/646227</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background:</bold> Effectiveness of removable dentures is closely linked to reliable intraoral retention. Their clinical success largely depends on the low adhesion capacity of oral microbiota, which represent a constant component of the oral environment. Evaluation of microbial adhesion to denture base materials coated with adhesive creams may serve as a parameter for selecting the most appropriate fixation agent.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold> To assess <italic>in vitro</italic> the adhesion of microbial test cultures to the surface of denture base materials coated with various denture adhesives.</p> <p><bold>Methods:</bold> An open-label, randomized experimental study was conducted using specimens of two denture base materials: heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and a photopolymer resin intended for additive manufacturing of removable denture bases. Samples were fabricated as discs measuring 5 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness, each coated with a denture adhesive. For microbial assessment, reference strains of five of the most commonly isolated oral microorganisms were cultured: <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>, <italic>Candida albicans</italic>, <italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic>, and <italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis</italic>. Residual adhesion index was calculated for each strain. Between-group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at <italic>p </italic>≤0.05, with values reported to the third decimal place.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> An evaluation of the primary adhesion of reference strains of microorganisms most commonly colonizing the oral mucosa revealed that denture adhesive formulations such as Corega (Haleon, UK) exhibited statistically significantly lower residual adhesion compared with President (Betafarma S.p.A., Italy), Whiteberg (Anhui Greenland Biotech Co., China), and SPLAT CONFIDent FIX (BetaPharm, Italy).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Residual adhesion indices were detected in all tested microbial strains and showed minimal differences between the two denture base materials — PMMA and 3D-printed photopolymer. <italic>S. aureus</italic>, <italic>S. mutans</italic>, and <italic>P. gingivalis</italic> demonstrated high adhesive potential, while <italic>E. coli</italic> and <italic>C. albicans</italic> exhibited significantly lower adhesion levels.</p> <p>One of the critical factors in the successful use of removable dentures is their hygienic status, which depends on the low adhesion potential of microorganisms. This, in turn, significantly influences the condition of the oral mucosa and the stability of the oral microbiome. Lower microbial adhesion was observed with Corega Max Hold + Comfort and Corega Gum Protection (Haleon, UK). Components of these adhesives may inhibit primary microbial adhesion and contribute to the maintenance of colonization resistance of the oral mucosa.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Эффективность использования съёмных зубных протезов связана с надёжной фиксацией во рту. Успех их применения обеспечивается низкой способностью адгезии микроорганизмов, являющихся постоянными обитателями полости рта. Оценка адгезивных свойств микробных тест-культур к поверхности конструкционных материалов с нанесённым фиксирующим кремом может рассматриваться как один из параметров для выбора фиксирующего материала.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>В условиях <italic>in vitro</italic> оценить адгезию микробных тест-культур на поверхности конструкционных материалов для производства съёмных зубных протезов, покрытых различными адгезивами для их фиксации.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено экспериментальное открытое рандомизированное исследование, объектом которого стали образцы 2 конструкционных материалов: полиметилметакрилата (ПММА) горячей полимеризации и фотополимера для аддитивного производства базисов съёмных зубных протезов — в форме дисков диаметром 5 мм, толщиной 0,5 мм, с нанесённым адгезивом для фиксации съёмных протезов. Для проведения исследования культивировали эталонные штаммы пяти наиболее часто встречающихся микроорганизмов, которые колонизируют слизистые оболочки ротовой полости: <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>, <italic>Candida albicans</italic>, <italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic>,<italic> Porphyromonas gingivalis</italic> — и для которых рассчитывали индекс остаточной адгезии. При сравнении данных между группами использовали тест Манна–Уитни. Статистическая значимость различий значений при <italic>p</italic> ≤0,05 представлена до третьего знака после запятой.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При изучении процессов первичной адгезии эталонных штаммов микроорганизмов, наиболее часто колонизирующих слизистые оболочки ротовой полости, установлено, что составы для фиксации зубных протезов «Корега» (Haleon, Великобритания) обладают статистически значимо более низкой способностью к остаточной адгезии по сравнению с составами President (Betafarma S.p.A., Италия), Whiteberg (Anhui Greenland Biotech Co., Китай), SPLAT CONFIDent FIX (BetaPharm, Италия).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Индексы остаточной адгезии выявлены у всех тест-микроорганизмов и имели незначительные отличия у образцов конструкционных материалов: ПММА и фотополимера для 3D-печати. Высокую степень адгезии проявили штаммы <italic>S. aureus</italic>, <italic>S. mutans</italic>, <italic>P. gingivalis</italic>, статистически значимо более низкую адгезию имели штаммы <italic>E. coli </italic>и <italic>C. albicans</italic>.</p> <p>Одним из важных аспектов успешного применения съёмных зубных протезов является их гигиеническое состояние, которое обеспечивается низкой способностью к адгезии микроорганизмов, что оказывает существенное влияние на состояние слизистой оболочки и на биоценоз ротовой полости. Меньшая адгезивная активность зарегистрирована у кремов «Корега Максимальная Фиксация + Комфорт», «Корега Защита дёсен» (Haleon, Великобритания). Компоненты этих фиксирующих материалов могут снизить активность процессов первичной адгезии и оказать позитивное влияние на состояние колонизационной резистентности слизистой оболочки ротовой полости.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adhesion</kwd><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>additive manufacturing of dentures</kwd><kwd>removable dentures</kwd><kwd>denture adhesives</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адгезия</kwd><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>аддитивное производство зубных протезов</kwd><kwd>съёмные зубные протезы</kwd><kwd>адгезивы для фиксации съёмных зубных протезов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tsujioka Y, Mameno T, Akema S, et al. Survival time analysis of remaining teeth following replacement of unilateral free-end missing teeth: A comparison between fixed implant-supported prostheses and removable partial dentures. 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