<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">677757</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent677757</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FTPMIE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence and patterns of malocclusions in the Russian population (1993–2023): a systematic review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности распространённости зубочелюстных аномалий у населения Российской Федерации и их структуры за 1993–2023 гг.: систематический обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8045-2791</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4638-7950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Platonov</surname><given-names>Daniil D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Платонов</surname><given-names>Даниил Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>dn-pla@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-2994</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1017-8210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolovich</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколович</surname><given-names>Наталия Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>lun_nat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-9092</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1503-1278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>Ivan K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>Иван Константинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>ivan-soldatov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2496-9679</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8793-7080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Natalia P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Наталья Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>n.p.petrova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-2248</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4607-1198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saunina</surname><given-names>Anastasiia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саунина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>s4unina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0413-2865</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8853-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olarescu</surname><given-names>Lilia N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олареску</surname><given-names>Лилия Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>black_525@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>167</fpage><lpage>175</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-26"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-06-11"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/677757">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/677757</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Dentofacial anomalies remain among the most common conditions affecting the maxillofacial region and pose a significant medical and social concern. Despite the numerous published studies, estimates of the prevalence and distribution of different types of dentofacial anomalies vary widely, complicating the development of a comprehensive understanding of the issue and the planning of orthodontic care. This highlights the importance of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis with quantitative and qualitative synthesis of the available evidence.</p> <p>In this work, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, including 68 dissertation-based studies with a total sample of 74,168 subjects. The pooled prevalence of malocclusion was 60.7% in individuals under 15 years of age and 61.1% in those aged 15 years and older. Among dentofacial anomalies, the most frequently observed conditions were tooth position anomalies (47.2%), distal occlusion (25.7%), deep bite (16.6%), crossbite (6.1%), mesial occlusion (5.0%), and open bite (5.4%). Considerable heterogeneity was observed across all studies, reflecting differences in diagnostic approaches and study population characteristics.</p> <p>These results provide a basis for refining the understanding of the pattern and frequency of dentofacial anomalies among the population of different regions of the Russian Federation, as well as identifying age-related differences in their prevalence. This creates a foundation for more evidence-based planning of preventive and therapeutic measures and emphasizes the need for standardized approaches to calculations and diagnosis in accordance with current clinical guidelines.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубочелюстные аномалии остаются одной из наиболее распространённых патологий челюстно-лицевой области и представляют значимую медико-социальную проблему. Несмотря на большое число исследований, данные о распространённости и структуре различных форм зубочелюстных аномалий существенно варьируют, что затрудняет формирование целостного представления о масштабах проблемы и планирование медицинской помощи. Это определяет актуальность проведения систематического и метаанализа с количественным и качественным обобщением имеющихся данных.</p> <p>В рамках настоящего исследования выполнен систематический обзор и метаанализ, включивший 68 научно-квалификационных работ с общим числом обследованных 74 168. Объединённая распространённость зубочелюстных аномалий составила 60,7% среди лиц в возрасте до 15 лет, а среди лиц старше 15 лет — 61,1%. В структуре зубочелюстных аномалий наиболее часто выявлялись аномалии положения зубов — 47,2%, дистальный и глубокий прикус — 25,7 и 16,6% соответственно, перекрёстный прикус — 6,1%, мезиальный и открытый прикус — 5,0 и 5,4% соответственно. Во всех исследованиях отмечена высокая гетерогенность результатов, что отражает различия в диагностических подходах и характеристиках исследуемых выборок.</p> <p>Полученные результаты позволяют уточнить структуру и частоту зубочелюстных аномалий среди населения различных регионов Российской Федерации, а также выявить возрастные особенности их распространённости. Это создаёт основу для более обоснованного планирования лечебно-профилактических мероприятий и подчёркивает необходимость создания единых подходов при расчётах и диагностике с учётом имеющихся клинических рекомендаций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dentofacial anomalies</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd><kwd>occlusion</kwd><kwd>distal occlusion</kwd><kwd>tooth position anomalies</kwd><kwd>deep bite</kwd><kwd>open bite</kwd><kwd>crossbite</kwd><kwd>diastema</kwd><kwd>Russian population</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зубочелюстные аномалии</kwd><kwd>распространённость</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd><kwd>метаанализ</kwd><kwd>прикус</kwd><kwd>дистальный прикус</kwd><kwd>аномалии положения зубов</kwd><kwd>глубокий прикус</kwd><kwd>открытый прикус</kwd><kwd>перекрёстный прикус</kwd><kwd>диастема</kwd><kwd>население России</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gazhva SI, Filimonov AA, Manukyan AG, et al. Clinical and statistical analysis of the occurrence of dentofacial anomalies in children and adults. Applied and It Research in Medicine. 2025;28(4):28–32. doi: 10.18499/2070-9277-2025-28-4-28-32 EDN: YWIMIR</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Galazov AT, Drobyshev AYu, Drobysheva NS, et al. The importance of the presence of dysmorphophobic disorder in patients with jaw anomalies in the dynamic assessment of changes in quality of life during rehabilitation after orthognathic surgery. Clinical Dentistry (Russia). 2025;28(4):194–200. doi: 10.37988/1811-153X_2025_4_194 EDN: OJNEUU</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Malervein AV, Kochubey AV, Bogaevskaya OYu, Kochubey VV. Features of seeking orthodontic care for people with combined dental anomalies. Sovremennye problemy zdravoohranenija i medicinskoj statistiki. 2024;(5):826–840. doi: 10.24412/2312-2935-2024-5-826-840 EDN: PQQYUR</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Simakova AA, Gorbatova MA, Grzhibovskii AM, Gerasimenko VYu. The prevalence of dental anomalies in the adult population of the BRICS countries: a systematic review. Challenges in Modern Medicine. 2024;47(2):210–218. doi: 10.52575/2687-0940-2024-47-2-210-218 EDN: HIVEYR</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Mikhailova AS, Iudintsev MA. Prevalence of dentofacial anomalies and deformities in children and adolescents in the Russian Federation. Molodoi uchenyi. 2021;(21):148–151. (In Russ.) EDN: ZWTQOS</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Trunin DA, Kuz’mina NM, Shukhorova YuA. Analysis of the indicators of the appealability of the adult population of the samara region regarding the main dental diseases in the period from 2011 to 2020. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2023;16(4):22–26. doi: 10.17116/rosstomat20231604122 EDN: ZAYFNY</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Yanushevich OO, Kuz’mina EM, Kuz’mina IN, Lapatina AV. Trends of oral diseases prevalence among adults in Russia from 1998 to 2018. Medicine and Education. 2024;(1):17–23. EDN: CUUODG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Zubareva AV, Garaeva KL, Isaeva AI Prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies in children and adolescents (review). European Research. 2015;(10):128–132. (In Russ.) EDN: VFEHHZ</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Postnikova EM, Shukhorova YuA, Lebedeva VL, et al. Analysis of the appeal of children and adolescents with dentoalveolar anomalies in the Samara region (Russia). Clinical Dentistry (Russia). 2025;28(2):148–153. doi: 10.37988/1811-153X_2025_2_148 EDN: EJOAVG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Pochinkova PA, Gorbatova MA, Narkevich AN, Grzhibovskii AM. Updated brief recommendations onwriting and presenting systematic reviews: what’s new in PRISMA-2020 guidelines? Morskaja medicina. 2022;8(2):88–101. doi: 10.22328/2413-5747-2022-8-2-88-101 EDN: WHNGXL</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Soldatov IK, Zhuravleva LN, Tegza NV, et al. Scientometric analysis of dissertation papers on pediatric dentistry in Russia. Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2023;27(6):571–580. doi: 10.17816/dent624942 EDN: QINWXB</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Babikov IA, Soldatov IK, Grebnev GA, Koval’chuk SV. “Database of dissertation research in the scientific specialty of dentistry for 1993-2020”. № 2023620934; zayavl. 04.04.2023; opubl. 20.06.2023. (In Russ.) EDN: GMHQIO</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Abdulmajeed J, Chivese T, Doi SAR. Overcoming challenges in prevalence meta-analysis: the case for the Freeman-Tukey transform. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2025;25(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s12874-025-02527-z EDN: XXAPFM</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629–634. doi: 10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
