<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">701455</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent701455</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BVWPPB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Specific aspects of adhesive system application in restoration of teeth with cervical enamel loss: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности применения адгезивных систем при реставрации зубов с разрушением эмалевого цервикального кольца: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-9204</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6771-8507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumova</surname><given-names>Svetlana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумова</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>razumova_sn@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-470X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2437-8867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brago</surname><given-names>Anzhela S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Браго</surname><given-names>Анжела Станиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>brago_as@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4164-9044</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8727-2980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragunova</surname><given-names>Ruzanna M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагунова</surname><given-names>Рузанна Муратовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>bragunova-rm@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8718-0084</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1839-5631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pecherskyi</surname><given-names>Bohdan O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печерский</surname><given-names>Богдан Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>pecherskiy-bo@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-22"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-03-13"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/701455">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/701455</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The clinical course of root caries is largely determined by the structural characteristics of dental tissues: cementum and dentin contain fewer inorganic components than enamel and are therefore more susceptible to demineralization. This results in more aggressive carious progression, formation of deep defects, and increased complexity of restoration, making the selection of appropriate restorative materials a relevant and important issue in contemporary dentistry.</p> <p>This review analyzes the publications on the use of various adhesive protocols for the restoration of defects involving the hard tissues of the tooth root. Publications from the past 10 years were identified through searches of <italic>PubMed</italic>, <italic>eLIBRARY.RU</italic>, <italic>Google Scholar</italic>, and <italic>The National Library of Medicine</italic>. English-language articles from peer-reviewed journals were reviewed using electronic searches and manual screening with the following keywords: <italic>кариес корня</italic> (root caries), <italic>реставрация</italic> (restoration), <italic>адгезивная система</italic> (adhesive system), <italic>адгезивный протокол</italic> (adhesive protocol), <italic>кариес цемента</italic> (cementum caries), <italic>обзор</italic> (review). Publications dated from September 2016 to January 2026 were included; duplicate articles were excluded.</p> <p>Anatomical features of the tooth root, such as sclerotic dentin, reduced thickness of dental hard tissues, and increased moisture in the operative field, necessitate reliable bonding to dentin and long-term restoration stability. Modern adhesive systems exhibit high performance characteristics, including resistance to oral moisture, the ability to form durable bonds with sclerotic dentin, increased bond strength to underlying tissues, and fluoride-releasing capability. In addition, seventh- and eighth-generation adhesive systems contain mildly acidic monomers such as 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), which have low molecular weight and the ability to form hydrogen bonds with calcium ions. These properties ensure strong dentin bonding and restoration stability under conditions of moisture and mechanical loading. Contemporary 10-MDP–containing adhesive systems exhibit moisture tolerance and reliable bonding to sclerotic dentin, making them materials of choice for predictable and durable adhesion in the treatment of root caries. However, no single adhesive protocol is universally applicable; root anatomy and the degree of dentin sclerosis require an individualized approach. Effective restoration of root carious lesions is achieved through selection of an adhesive system based on clinical indications and specific operative conditions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Особенности течения кариеса корня зуба объясняются строением тканей: цемент и дентин содержат меньше неорганических элементов, чем эмаль, и более подвержены деминерализации. Это приводит к более агрессивному развитию кариозного процесса, образованию глубоких полостей и сложному их восстановлению, поэтому выбор материалов для лечения таких поражений является актуальной и важной задачей современной стоматологии.</p> <p>Проанализированы литературные данные о применении различных адгезивных протоколов при восстановлении дефектов с поражением твёрдых тканей корня зуба. В процессе работы изучены публикации за последние 10 лет, полученные в результате поиска в базах данных PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar и National Library of Medicine. Обзор англоязычной литературы из рецензируемых журналов выполнен с использованием электронных методов и ручного поиска по следующим ключевым словам: кариес корня, реставрация, адгезивная система, адгезивный протокол, кариес цемента, обзор. В анализ включены публикации с сентября 2016 года по январь 2026 года; дублирующиеся статьи исключены.</p> <p>Анатомические особенности корня зуба, такие как склерозированный дентин, тонкость твёрдых тканей и выраженная влажность операционного поля, определяют необходимость обеспечения прочного сцепления с дентином и стабильности реставрации в долгосрочной перспективе. Современные адгезивные системы обладают высокими эксплуатационными характеристиками: устойчивостью к влажной среде ротовой полости, способностью формировать прочное сцепление со склерозированным дентином, повышенной силой адгезии к подлежащим тканям и возможностью диффузии фтора. Кроме того, адгезивные системы 7-го и 8-го поколения содержат слабокислотные мономеры типа 10-MDP (10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate, 10-метакрилоксидецил дигидрофосфат), обладающие низкой молекулярной массой и способностью образовывать водородные связи с ионами кальция, что обеспечивает прочное сцепление с дентином и стабильность реставрации в условиях влажной среды и механической нагрузки. Современные адгезивные системы, содержащие 10-MDP, демонстрируют устойчивость к влаге и способность формировать прочное сцепление со склерозированным дентином, что делает их материалами выбора для предсказуемой и долговечной адгезии при лечении кариеса корня зуба. Однако выбор протокола не может быть универсальным: анатомия корня и степень склерозирования требуют индивидуальной тактики. Эффективная реставрация кариозных поражений корня достигается при выборе адгезивной системы в соответствии с показаниями и с учётом клинических условий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>root caries</kwd><kwd>restoration</kwd><kwd>adhesive system</kwd><kwd>adhesive protocol</kwd><kwd>cementum caries</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кариес корня</kwd><kwd>реставрация</kwd><kwd>адгезивная система</kwd><kwd>адгезивный протокол</kwd><kwd>кариес цемента</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Reznik ES. Life expectancy in Russia: trends and factors determining IT. In: Proceedings of the Russia and the global community: demographic, ecological, and public health issues. Penza: Penza State Agrarian University; 2023. P. 197–199. EDN: OTRHTF</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Tonprasong W, Inokoshi M, Shimizubata M, et al. Impact of direct restorative dental materials on surface root caries treatment. Evidence based and current materials development: A systematic review. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2022;58:13–30. doi: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.11.004 EDN: FQWPAM</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Hariyani N, Setyowati D, Spencer AJ, et al. Root caries incidence and increment in the population — A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of longitudinal studies. J Dent. 2018;77:1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.06.013</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Hayes M, Burke F, Allen PF. Incidence, prevalence and global distribution of root caries. Monogr Oral Sci. 2017;26:1–8. doi: 10.1159/000479301</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Abou Neel EA, Aljabo A, Strange A, et al. Demineralization-remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone. Int J Nanomedicine. 2016;11:4743–4763. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S107624</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Sáez FJ, Badiola I. Dentine. In: Essential Oral Histology. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland; 2025. P. 343–366. doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-03165-5_18</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Teodosio LM, de Queiroz AM, de Oliveira HF, et al. Physical and biochemical shifts of irradiated dentin during caries progression. J Dent. 2025;162:106023. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106023 EDN: YEOIDS</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Cai X, Chen Y, Wu J, et al. Amelogenin-derived peptide-modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for root caries prevention. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025;17(2):3106–3115. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c20204 EDN: ZFLTYG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Damé-Teixeira N, Parolo CCF, Maltz M. Specificities of caries on root surface. Monogr Oral Sci. 2017;26:15–25. doi: 10.1159/000479303</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Wen Y, Zhao X, Li SKY, et al. Factors associated with the success of restorative treatment for root caries: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Dent. 2025;153:105539. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105539</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Romanenko IG, Chepurova NI, Zueva AS. Selection of adhesive systems in treatment of tooth root caries (literature review). Vestnik medicinskogo instituta “Reaviz”: reabilitacija, vrach i zdorov’e. 2021;(2):50–61. doi: 10.20340/vmi-rvz.2021.2.CLIN.2 EDN: GOSYPO</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Barbosa CB, Monici Silva I, Dame-Teixeira N. The action of microbial collagenases in dentinal matrix degradation in root caries and potential strategies for its management: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review. J Appl Oral Sci. 2024;32:e20240013. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2024-0013</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Fu Y, Ekambaram M, Li KC, et al. In vitro models used in cariology mineralisation research — a review of the literature. Dent J (Basel). 2024;12(10):323. doi: 10.3390/dj12100323 EDN: UYJDPY</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>AlQranei MS, Balhaddad AA, Melo MAS. The burden of root caries: Updated perspectives and advances on management strategies. Gerodontology. 2021;38(2):136–153. doi: 10.1111/ger.12511 EDN: RKQVUG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Dohan Z, Friedlander LT, Cooper PR, et al. In vitro models used in the formation of root caries lesions — a review of the literature. Dent J (Basel). 2023;11(12):269. doi: 10.3390/dj11120269 EDN: NTJOZP</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Razumova SN, Brago AS, Ruda OR, et al. Universal adhesive systems in dentistry: a narrative review. Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2024;28(5):512–521. doi: 10.17816/dent439601 EDN: FHLALE</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Chen H, Feng S, Jin Y, et al. Comparison of bond strength of universal adhesives using different etching modes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater J. 2022;41(1):1–10. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2021-111 EDN: NFETPW</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Sengar EV, Mulay S, Beri L, et al. Comparative evaluation of microleakage of flowable composite resin using etch and rinse, self-etch adhesive systems, and self-adhesive flowable composite resin in class V cavities: confocal laser microscopic study. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(14):4963. doi: 10.3390/ma15144963 EDN: KNDUQY</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Abdelkhalek E, Hamama HH, Mahmoud SH. HEMA-free versus HEMA-containing adhesive systems: a systematic review. Syst Rev. 2025;14(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s13643-025-02763-w EDN: QWKFLQ</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Tsuchiya K, Takamizawa T, Barkmeier WW, et al. Effect of a functional monomer (MDP) on the enamel bond durability of single-step self-etch adhesives. Eur J Oral Sci. 2016;124(1):96–102. doi: 10.1111/eos.12232</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Wendlinger M, Nuñez A, Moreira P, et al. Effect of the absence of HEMA on the bonding properties of universal adhesive systems containing 10-MDP: an in vitro study. Oper Dent. 2023;48(5):500–512. doi: 10.2341/22-050-L EDN: UDRQLP</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Razumova SN, Brago AS, Ruda OR, et al. Adhesive strength of cervical composite restorations. Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2025;29(1):13–20. doi: 10.17816/dent639931 EDN: GGDHQH</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Alomran WK, Nizami MZI, Xu HHK, Sun J. Evolution of dental resin adhesives — a comprehensive review. J Funct Biomater. 2025;16(3):104. doi: 10.3390/jfb16030104 EDN: RVEAGK</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Eradina NS, Rachmadi P, Permatasari NNGW. Comparison of shear bond strength between 7th and 8th generation bonding agents in flowable composite resin. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. 2024;23(1):2791–2794. doi: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2289 EDN: LYCXOC</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Dey S, Shenoy A, Kundapur SS, et al. Evaluation of the effect of different contaminants on the shear bond strength of a two-step self-etch adhesive system, one-step, self-etch adhesive system and a total-etch adhesive system. J Int Oral Health. 2016;8(3):1–12. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33289.16482</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Sofan E, Sofan A, Palaia G, et al. Classification review of dental adhesive systems: from the IV generation to the universal type. Ann Stomatol (Roma). 2017;8(1):1–17. doi: 10.11138/ads/2017.8.1.001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Gupta S, Gupta S, Mehra M, et al. Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of fifth, seventh, and eighth-generation bonding agents in permanent teeth: An In Vitro study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2025;18(3):281–286. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3096 EDN: XPCDJI</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Sachdeva B, Dua P, Mangla R, et al. Bonding efficacy of 5th, 6th, 7th &amp; 8th generation bonding agents on primary teeth. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS). 2018;17(3):61–66. doi: 10.9790/0853-1703136166</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Singh S, Bhadauria US, Sharma A, Verma Mathur R. Comparative evaluation of microleakage with total-etch, universal (self-etch mode), and nano adhesive systems in class v composite restorations: an in-vitro study. Cureus. 2023;15(10):e46766. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46766 EDN: LPGHYH</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Kamath U, Arun CR. Comparative evaluation of Microleakage of class II composite restoration by using 6th 7th and 8th generation dentin bonding agents: An in vitro study. Int J Appl Dent Sci. 2019;5(1):147–150.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Kumar P, Nair PMs, Jyothi V, et al. An in vitro comparison of seventh-and eighth-generation dentin bonding agents microtensile durability employing giomer. World Journal of Dentistry. 2024;15(1):1–5. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2368 EDN: YRJPUA</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
