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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский стоматологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2802</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2934</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704286</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dent704286</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">EAPEVE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cost-effectiveness of prevention of fractures and cracked teeth: a cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка экономической эффективности профилактики переломов и трещин зубов: одномоментное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-6317</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5767-9158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olesova</surname><given-names>Emilia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олесова</surname><given-names>Эмилия Артёмовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>emma.olesova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9739-8478</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7016-7538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Udalov</surname><given-names>Yury D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удалов</surname><given-names>Юрий Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>udalov@fvcmrmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-8724</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1052-4131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arutyunov</surname><given-names>Sergey D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арутюнов</surname><given-names>Сергей Дарчоевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sd.arutyunov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-5621</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1956-9162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>mdv.dent@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-2554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8924-3520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olesov</surname><given-names>Egor E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олесов</surname><given-names>Егор Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>olesov_georgiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation—Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации — Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-04-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-16"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-06-11"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/704286">https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/704286</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The treatment of caries at the initial stage of its development is the main factor in the prevention of cracked and fractured teeth, the detection of which increases dramatically during the treatment of caries complications. The financial consequences of delayed dental treatment for both the patient and the compulsory health insurance system have been insufficiently studied.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> Economic justification of timely caries treatment as a factor in the prevention of cracked and fractured teeth.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Based on statistical reports on the reasons for patient visits and the dental treatment methods used, the frequency of detection of cracked and fractured teeth was established depending on the initial treatment method and the frequency of subsequent tooth extractions over a five-year period. Taking these circumstances into account, total costs for the treatment and restoration of destroyed and lost teeth were calculated, depending on the primary treatment method and in comparison with the basic costs for the treatment of moderate caries.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The economic calculations performed confirm the clinical patterns regarding the effectiveness of early caries treatment and timely replacement of dental hard tissue defects, because (taking into account the probability of cracked teeth and tooth extractions with a five-year prognosis) an increase in the cost of all types of treatment was found, both compared to the initial cost and the present cost of treatment over this period relative to the cost of treating moderate caries.</p> <p>The calculated degree of cost increase associated with progressive tooth destruction due to delayed caries treatment, expressed as a ranked series of treatment types, increases patient motivation for early treatment during the planning of dental rehabilitation procedures.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Timely caries treatment as a method of preventing cracked and fractured teeth is characterized by high clinical effectiveness and economic feasibility. Subsequent types of tooth treatment and restoration resulting from destruction of its constituent structures and from an increased probability of fractures and cracks significantly increase the cost of necessary treatment over five years compared to initial treatment, and compared to the cost over this period for initial treatment of moderate caries.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Лечение кариеса на начальном этапе его развития является основным фактором профилактики трещин и переломов зубов, выявляемость которых резко возрастает при лечении осложнений кариеса. Экономические последствия несвоевременного лечения зубов как для пациента, так и для системы обязательного медицинского страхования изучены недостаточно.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold><bold> </bold>Экономическое обоснование своевременного лечения кариеса как фактора профилактики трещин и переломов зубов.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold><bold> </bold>По статистическим отчётам о причинах обращаемости и об использованных методах лечения зубов установлена частота выявления трещин и переломов в зависимости от исходного способа лечения и частоты последующего удаления за пятилетний период. С учётом указанных обстоятельств рассчитаны совокупные затраты на лечение и восстановление разрушенных и утраченных зубов в зависимости от первичного метода лечения и в сравнении с базовыми затратами при лечении среднего кариеса.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold><bold> </bold>Проведённые экономические расчёты подтверждают клинические закономерности по эффективности раннего лечения кариеса и своевременного замещения дефектов твёрдых тканей зуба, поскольку (с учётом вероятности появления трещин и удаления зубов при пятилетнем прогнозе) выявлено увеличение затрат на все виды лечения в сравнении как с первоначальной стоимостью, так и с приведённой стоимостью лечения за этот период относительно стоимости лечения среднего кариеса.</p> <p>Рассчитанная степень увеличения затрат при нарастании разрушения зуба из-за несвоевременного лечения кариеса в виде ранжированного ряда видов лечения обусловливает повышение мотивации пациента к раннему лечению во время планирования санационных мероприятий.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Своевременное лечение кариеса как метод профилактики трещин и переломов зубов характеризуется высокой клинической эффективностью, а также экономической целесообразностью. Последующие виды лечения и восстановления зуба в связи с разрушением составляющих его структур и с увеличением вероятности переломов и трещин существенно повышают затраты на необходимое лечение в течение пяти лет в сравнении с первоначальным лечением, а также в сравнении с затратами за этот период при исходном лечении среднего кариеса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tooth cracks and fractures</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>timely caries treatment</kwd><kwd>cost-effectiveness</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трещины и переломы зуба</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>своевременное лечение кариеса</kwd><kwd>экономическая эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Makeeva IM, Byakova SF, Adzhieva EK. Vertical root fracture. Etiology. Clinical symptoms. Diagnostics. 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