No 6 (2006)

The influence of a new gel composition based on collagen (CG), hydroxyapatite (HAP), and non-collagenic bone proteins (NBP) - CG/HAP/NBP - on the healing of artificial mandibular bone defect was studied in rat experiments. The gel composition was shown to favor the healing of an artificial mandibular bone defect in rats. An important role in the mechanism of the stimulating effect of the gel belongs to activation of vascular reaction, which provides transport of osteogenic precursor cells to the injury site and their differentiation into mature bone cells that form the bone, and its rebuilding.

The authors placed titanium spiral implants into distractional mandibular regenerates of different degree of maturity to 14 rabbits and into native mandibular bone to one rabbit. Twenty and 70 days after the integration of the implants the rabbits were withdrawn from the experiment, and the integration of implants was evaluated with macroscopic examination, periotestometry, and radiography. The study demonstrated the most solid integration of implants with distractional regenerates after 70 days, provided that the implants had been placed into immature regenerates. The article describes distractional mandibular regenerates of different degrees of maturity in rabbits.

The aim of the work was to study some pathogenicity factors (persistence and bacteriocinogenicity) of oral cavity microorganisms as indicators of microbiocenosis state in patients with generalized gingivitis receiving anti-inflammatory therapy. Indices of the degree of antilysozyme and anti-interferon activity (ALA; AIA) of the bacteria in oral mucosa smears and detection of clones with prominent bacteriocinogenicity (BCG) were used to evaluate dysbiosis. The phe-notypic expression of these oral microbial properties in patients with gingivitis was studied before and after treatment with the probiotic liquid sporobacterin. The results of studying 43 patients showed that sporobacterin eliminated bacteria possessing ALA, AIA, and BCG from oral microflora. Such clinical manifestations as gingival hyperemia, edema, hemorrhage, itch, and burning were eliminated by treatment with the probiotic. Thus, indices of oral microflora persistence and bacteriocinogenicity can serve as criteria of the effectiveness of treatment of periodontal diseases.

Diseases of periodontium in the elderly are associated with a complex of factors which cause health impairment and accelerate the process of aging. Biological aging slows down during the mature term of life and causes structural and functional changes which dimmish the ability of the majority of systems. This, in turn, is accompanied by an increased age-related sensibility to illness. Age changes significantly increase the sensitivity of dental supporting system to diseases and aggravates the course of these diseases. As a rule, periodontitis becomes a frequent problem.

Phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia, constitutional and morphological characteristics, cephalometric parameters, and morphometric indices of the facial skull were studied in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. The study found high frequency of genetically determined phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia, individual and typological features suggesting orthogenetic disturbances, and signs of cerebral and facial skull hypoplasia in these patients. The hypoplastic trends in the revealed changes in cerebral and facial skull caused the development of maxillofacial anomalies and tunnel syndrome in patients with trigeminal neuralgia; these trends should be considered to be one of the variants of phenotypic manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia.