No 4 (2007)

The study revealed detailed electrochemical characteristics of interaction between titanium alloys (including nikelid- titanium) that take place in the oral cavity when titanium or nikelid-titanium implants and titanium alloy-based met-alloceramic prostheses are used. Acceptable values of the electric potentials of contact titanium alloy pairs were defined. The study found such an unfavorable factor as a significant increase in the electrochemical parameters, which occurred when the surface (oxide film) of an implant or prosthesis got damaged; however, this phenomenon was of short duration thanks to a quick recovery (repassivation) of the oxide film of titanium alloys.

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione per-oxidase, α-glycosidase, and alkaline phosphatase, participating in various metabolic processes in the pulp of both intact teeth and those affected by carious at different stages, was studied. The study showed that high superoxide dismutase activity in deep caries evidenced increased production of hydrogen peroxide, necessary for antimicrobial protection in caries. The highest lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in acute pulpitis, while transam- inase and glycosidase activity increased in chronic hypertrophic pulpitis. In chronic fibrous pulpitis, the activity of metabolic processes approximated those in the intact pulp, which evidenced the stabilization of pulp condition. The activity of the studied dental pulp enzymes reflects pulp condition and changes in accordance with the direction of compensatory processes in this tissue.

Dental implantation presents a dynamically developing field of Russian dentistry. As a surgical technique, dental im-plantation has a lot of contra-indications. Till recently, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease have been con-sidered as ones. Clinico-laboratory prognostication of risks of somatic complications and inflammatory complications during the early post-implantation period, as well as ways of their prevention are extremely topical at the present-day stage of dental implantation development.

The condition oftheperiodontum was evaluated in 80 musicians - students of Moscow Military Conservatory playing wind or impact instruments; the comparative clinico-instrumental study included radiography, periostometry, and Dop-plerflowery. The examination found periodontal disorders mostly located in front teeth area of the mandible, progressing with the duration of playing a wind instrument. The authors conclude that musicians playing wind instruments are at a higher risk of periodontitis and need professional therapeutic and prophylactic measures.

The article contains comparative clinico-laboratory evaluation of two techniques to construct teeth rows in total re-movable dentures: the conventional one with glass and an occluder, and another technique where calotte and an ar-ticulator are applied in combination with volumetric modeling. The subjects, 168patients aged 45 to 75, were examined and treated. In addition to clinical examination, masticatory efficiency according to I. S. Rubinov was determined, taking into account V. A. Kondrashov masticatory index and the results of speech test by N. V. Pokrovsky auditory method using Z. V. Ludilina syllabic table on the day of imposition as well as 33 days and six month later.