No 6 (2007)

Using a histochemical method during 7 days to 6 months, the author found that a combined graft containing recombinant human thrombocyte growth factor BB (becaplermin), fibrin-fibronectin system (Tissukol), and ultrahigh-dispersity hy-droxyapatite (Ostim-100) stimulated regeneration more effectively than Ostim-100 alone when surgical treatment (a standard flap surgery) of experimental chronic periodontitis in rats was performed. It was found that the combined graft provoked intensive osteogenesis in the bone tissue adjoining the graft as well as at a distance. Bone tissue structure recovered completely in the alveolus, periodontum, tooth cement, and the dentogingival junction below (up to 1/4 tooth root length) the anatomic dental cervix. The application of Ostium-100 alone led mostly to a chronic inflammatory process in the experimental area and intensified resorptive processes in surrounding tissues.

The article is dedicated to search for low-traumatic approaches to the temporomandibular joint taking into account the anatomic structure of the area. With this aim, the authors performed 3D computed modelling on cadavers. Taking into account the data obtained, they have offered two approaches to the joint preventing damage to the external temporal artery and the facial nerve.

The subjects of the study were 67 children and adolescents aged 6 to 15 years; 26 of them suffered from primary forms of humoral immunodeficiency (PFHI), and 41 were controls. The PFHI patients had higher indices of hygienic condition of the oral cavity and theperiodontum, which evidenced a low level of oral hygiene and the presence of periodontal inflammation. After conventional antiinflammatory therapy which included Metrogil-dentgel, patients with severe PFHI had the highest frequency of exacerbations, patients with moderate one had lower frequency, and the controls had the lowest frequency. The use of the so called Periodontal Bandage With Lactobacterin stabilized the condition of the periodontum in PFHI patients and prolongated the remission of gingival inflammation.

The objective of the study was to investigate microbial adhesion to a range of plastics used as the basis for removable prostheses in patients with total or partial teeth absence, as well as to polyurethane-based basis material. The study found that the most important representatives of stabilizing microbial flora of the oral cavity are able to colonize dental prostheses based on cold polymerization acrylic plastics, and that the quantitative parameters of colonization are higher than those of virulent bacteria and Candida fungi. The peculiarity of colonization of removable dental prostheses based on hot polymerization acrylic plastics is that such important components of microbiocenosis as Veillonella spp. and S. salivarius are displaced due to excessive multiplication of alfa-streptococci, pepto-streptococci, and virulent anaerobic bacteria able to maintain purulent inflammatory processes, as well as Candida fungi. The investigation also revealed that the most important representatives of stabilizing microbial flora of the oral cavity are able to colonize polyurethane-based dental prostheses, and that the quantitative parameters of colonization are higher than those of virulent bacteria and Candida fungi. Thus, polyurethane-based dental prostheses have advantage over acrylic-based prostheses that are colonized by aggressive bacteria and Candida fungi, which may be accompanied by inflammatory reactions and intolerance. The data obtained suggest that polyurethane-based removable prostheses should be recommended for orthopedic practice to prevent inflammatory complications and improve orthopedic treatment of patients with partial or total tooth absence.

It has been shown that the gustatory and olfactory senses are lowered in dental technicians, whose work is associated with exposure to industrial factors. In this investigation, the perception of different odorous substances during the working day and week, as well as before and after vacation, was studied. Peculiarities of visual perception according to visual acuity, fields of vision, and color perception were found. The functional reserve of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems was found to be lowered. The study demonstrates that industrial factors have a negative effect on the health of dental technicians, and that the hygienic conditions in dental technical laboratories.