No 3 (2009)

The study found that a wound of the oral cavity mucosa caused by a 1.5 Wt erbium laser or a radio knife healed more quickly than a wound caused by a conventional scalpel. This was manifested by a quicker rejection and macrophageal resumption of the necrotic tissue as well as a quicker maturing and fibrocicatrical transformation of the granulose tissue in the wound channel. The regeneration and differentiation of the epithelium as well as complete epithelialization of the defect occured much earlier, and the scar was thinner and more plastic.

С помощью эндодонтического микроскопа выявлена частота наличия дополнительного медиально-щечного корневого канала в верхних молярах на удаленных зубах. Проведено сравнение возможностей визуальной оценки топографии корневых каналов, при использовании современных эндодонтических инструментов и с помощью эндодонтического микроскопа. Установлены преимущества микроскопа при проведении эндодонтического лечения.

The prevalence and intensity of caries in 2003 were studied in 529 pregnant women, who were residence of the city of Derbent. The data were compared to data obtained by the authors from 664 pregnant women in 1998. The prevalence of caries in 1998 was 93.22% in the age group 17 to 19, and 100% in the age group 30 to 34. In 2003, these indices were 94.59% and 100%, respectively. The index of average caries intensity (CFE, where C stands for the number of carious teeth, F - filled teeth, and E - extracted teeth) in 1998 increased from 5.46±0.31 in the age group 17 to 19 to 14.73±0.93 in the age group 35 to 39. In 2003, these indices were 5.64±0.27 and 14.92±0.79. Analysis of CFE and DAL (dental aid level) showed that the latter was not high enough in both years and in both age groups.

С помощью лазерной допплерофлоуметрии изучено состояние краевого пародонта у больных с несъемными зубными протезами, изготовленными по стандартной технологии, а также с авторской модификацией окклюзионной поверхности зубных протезов. Выявлены более оптимальные характеристики микроциркуляции в тканях десны при оптимизации окклюзионной поверхности искусственных коронок и мостовидных протезов.

The article is dedicated to an experimental study of effects caused by Pallas spurge extract on periodontal tissue microcirculation in chronic gingivitis. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to evaluate the efficacy of Pallas spurge extract. The subjects of the study were 16 young people aged 18 to 22 living in Transbaikalia, among whom were 6 individuals with a clinically healthy gingiva and 10 patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis treated either with Pallas spurge extract or camomile flower tincture. The extract or tincture was applied to periodontal tissues 3 times a day for 7 days; each procedure lasted 15 min. Microcirculation in the marginal part of the periodontium (teeth 31, 36, 11, and 16 area) was evaluated. Data processing was performed using wavelet analysis. Pallas spurge extract application improved periodontal microcirculation, neurogenic and myogenic tone. The effects of Pallas spurge extract were comparable with the standard method of treatment of chronic gingivitis with camomile flower tincture. Pallas spurge extract had a more prominent effect on the myogenic tone of the periodontal tissue, while camomile flower tincture influenced neurogenic tone more effectively.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of changes in the physiological values of lip and tongue pressure at rest and during swallowing on the vestibular (VCI) and palatal (PCI) surfaces of the upper central incisor in children aged 7 to 12 years. After examining 2136 children aged 7 to 12 years, 268 children with a good orthodontic status were revealed. The parents of 27 childred agreed for registration of lip and tongue pressure every 12 months. The study demonstrated no significant difference between the values of lip and tongue pressure registered with a 12-month interval (median difference: -0,85 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval from -0,96 to 0,17 g/cm2, а = 0,153 for VCI and 0,52 g/cm2, from -1,59 to 1,56 g/cm2, а = 0,914 for PCI). No statistically significant changes were detected in lips and tongue pressures during swallowing on VCI and PCI over the period of 12 months (median difference: 10,03 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval from -1,6 to 14,0 g/cm2, а = 0,105 for VCI). Thus, in children with normal orthodontic status aged 7 to 12 years, no changes in lip and tongue pressure at rest and during swallowing take place.

Quality of life of patients with maxillofacial defects is decreased not only because certain vitally important and esthetic functions are impaired, but also because of deep psychological disturbances. These problems dictate the necessity of complex rehabilitation of this severe group of patients to return them to normal life. The authors developed a questionnaire, validated by pilot testing preceded by preliminary psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire with the participation of maxillofacial oncological patients suffering from postoperative defects. Analysis of correlations by counting Spearman correlation coefficient showed that the questions of the questionnaire correlated with each other within the limits of their scale and had higher correlation coefficients with their scales than with other ones. The use of special methods of evaluation of the psychometric qualities, reliability and validity demonstrated that the questionnaire developed by the authors can be used to evaluate quality of life of patients with maxillofacial defects.

Nowadays, dental works and services are the most frequent ones applied for licensing and accreditation in medical practice. As the dental service market broadens and technologies constantly grow higher, licensing requirements to theses activities should become more serious. The article covers the problem of control over how licensees fulfill license requirements on the regional level. The analysis of violations revealed by inspections demonstrates that sanitary-and-epidemiological norms are often not followed, rules of equipment use are broken, medical documents are not completed in full; the law "On consumers rights protection" is violated in private medical institutions.