No 2 (2003)

We employed the immunoelectron transmission microscopy to investigate the role of dendritic cells in the periapical inflammatory lesions induced in rats through damaging the pulp of the lower first molars. Monoclonal antibodies, EDI (anti-microphages and Dendritic cells) as well as 0X6 (major histocompatibility complex molecules, class II) were used for the purpose of defining the nature of a periapical inflammatory lesion; the above antibodies were applied to detect, in rats, the dendritic-like cells (DLC) and macro-bacteriophages. Little developed cytoplasmic processes and lysosomal structures were found to be distinctive DLC signs. Monocytes (a large one-cell monocyte) turned out to be the first stained cells, i.e. their ultramicroscopic structure resembled monocytes detected in inflammatory periodontal tissues. Macro-bacteriophages were found in significantly bigger quantities, as compared to DLC, during an active lesion expansion. However, as the acute inflammation transmitted itself into a chronic process, DCL came to be predominant. He most frequent functional interaction was typical between DCL and lymphocytes during the chronic stage of the inflammatory lesion. Thus, we conclude that, in the chronic inflammatory stage, the dendritic cells get involved into the immune response through presenting the antigen to T lymphocytes.

Electron microscopy was made use of to examine the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in lymphatic and blood capillaries on 7th and 14th days after an experimental implantation of titanium nuckelide. A decreased intensity of microvesicular transport as well as of energetic and synthetic function of the mentioned cells was revealed. The most pronounced changes were registered in the endotheliocytes of blood capillaries as compared to lymph capillaries. Supposedly, there is a higher drainage activity of the lymph capillaries under the implantation conditions.

The clinical-and-immunological examinations were carried out in 39 children (male - 11, female - 28) aged 11-15. 29 of them suffered from different-severity gingivitis. The control group comprised 10 healthy children. Two mam groups were made up according to a treatment method, i.e. 15 children, who received IRS-19 applications, and 14 children (comparison group), who received just the traditional therapy. The subjective, objective and clinical signs of the pathology were investigated. Lysozyme was examined in the saliva by using the method of Umarova-Aliyev (1994), while the phagocytic activity of neutrophils was assessed by commonly used methods. A highly reliable reduction of the local immunity was registered vs. the normal value as the pathological process aggravated. IRS-19 was found to significantly improve the indices of local immunity in the saliva of sick children. The clinical effect of the drug amounted to 86.7% as compared to that achieved by using the traditional therapy methods, i.e. 64.2%.

The peculiar clinical course of chronic generalized periodontitis concomitant with nervous system pathologies were studied in 107patients by using the clinical, vegetative, biochemical and neuropsychic indices and methods. The investigation of anamnestic data was in the focus of attention in defining the non-specific risk factors of chronic generalized periodontitis. Changes offree-radical oxidation and of anti-oxidant protection as well as the growing intensity of anxiety and depression in chronic generalized periodontitis are prognostically unfavorable factors in the clinical disease course. The complex specific (traditional) and non-specific therapy (local and parenteral administration of the cortexine neuropeptide) was found to improve the objective and subjective indices in chronic generalized periodontitis.

The study was aimed at evaluating clinically the dental reconstructions made by using hybrid composite materials 'Ecusite" (DMG-Hamburg) and "Charisma"(Heraeus Kulzer). A total of 40reconstructions were examined according to the criteria of the Ryge direct clinical evaluation, including the edge adaptation, anatomic form, secondary caries, matching of colors, changes in the cavity-edge colors and roughness of surface. The study results showed that the above filling materials meet all clinical parameters according to the Ryge system; the application of these materials offers a more extensive choice for stomatologists in making reconstructions with regard for an individual dental color range of a patient, an absence of caries that could adjoin the dental stopping edge and for preserving an original anatomic form.

The article describes thoroughly a substantiated concept of an integrated (system-activity and multiple-modeling) approach to promoting the continuous training and professional activity of stomatologists. The offered concept is aimed at coordination, interaction, harmonic development, perfection of professional knowledge and skills of specialists and of adequate scientific-and-technological and production-and-technological innovations as well as at enhancing the effectiveness of stomatological and orthopedic assistance rendered to population.