No 1 (2004)

Traumas of the facial skull part were comparatively evaluated for 1985-1990 and for 1995-1999. A 56%-increase of trauma was noted for the recent years. Patients were received at hospital in alcoholic intoxication in 57% of cases and in drug intoxication in 5% of cases. The genetic predisposition for trauma due to changes in the connective tissue system was registered in 71% of patients. Such trauma entails an impaired immunity; a direct dependence ofmisbalanced immune responses on a severity of lesions and concurrent pathologies was established with the latter being directly preconditioned by alcohol abuse. Young persons aged 18-35 were predominant among the patients who were received at hospital in drug intoxication. Social factors, like unemployment, poor life conditions, a growing number of homeless people, alcoholism and drug-addiction contribute essentially to an increasing trauma prevalence and trauma complications.

The parodentium condition in patients with a destntcted crown portion of the mandibular molars without splitting in the bifurcation zone and with splitting in the tooth bifurcation zone was investigated before and after rendering them a high-skill dental care. Impaired unity and structure of the dental-maxillary segment was the case in all patients before treatment according to somatoscopy and X-ray. The endotoxic therapy and making of posts for the remaining roots provide for recovering the lost quality of the parodentium of decayed teeth

Sixteen patients, aged 20-50, with a malfunctioning temporomandibular joint (TMJ) concurrent with a partial lack of teeth, a dropping lower face part and a distal displacement of the mandible were examined. Twelve subjects, aged 20 to 40, with intact teeth and tooth rows were in the control group. The below examination methods were made use of: electromyography of the masticatory muscles and computer-based tomography of TMJ with a subsequent determination of the relative optic density of the TMJ osseous elements. The results showed reconstructive changes in TMJ at its malfunction as well as an impaired activity of the dentofacial muscles as observed in the studied pathology. The above deviations were displayed through a lower optic density in the cortical and labial bones of the TMJ anatomic elements and through reduced amplitude, temporal and quantitative parameters characterizing the masticatory-muscles func- tional activity. The orthopedic treatment provided for both the recovered masticatory-muscles activity and normalizing structures of the TMJ osseous anatomic elements

Described in the paper are the results of a study of the functional parameters of the mouth-cavity tissue as observed in workers of chemical industry. The hazardous production factors were shown to reduce the pain barrier and discriminative sensitivity; they also affect the functional mobility of gustatory receptors