Clinical condition of teeth and dentition in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
- Authors: Gafforov S.A.1, Hamroev F.S.2, Kuldasheva V.B.3, Shamsiyeva M.O.3, Madaminova N.S.3
-
Affiliations:
- Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers under the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan
- Republican Children’s Neuropsychiatric Hospital named after U.K. Kurbanov
- Tashkent State Dental Institute
- Issue: Vol 26, No 5 (2022)
- Pages: 371-379
- Section: Clinical Investigation
- URL: https://rjdentistry.com/1728-2802/article/view/109933
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/dent.109933
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Literature and statistical data reveal the increasing incidence of psychoneurological diseases (PND) and thus dental pathologies with PND in children and adolescents. Thus, the authors examined the structures and frequency of dental defects and deformities in patients with PND. Children and adolescents with PND aged 7–18 years are at high risk for the development of dental pathologies, and oxidative stress and immune system disorder present major associations with the pathogenesis of dental pathologies.
AIM: To determine the structure and frequency of dental defects and deformities in children and adolescents with PND and study the etiopathogenetic factors and mechanism of pathology formation to guide the development of preventive measures.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprehensively analyzed the data of 299 patients aged 7–18 years, of which 143 were diagnosed with PND based on the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision (main group; МG) and 156 somatically healthy patients with dental pathologies (control group; CG). The participants were divided into two subgroups: 75 patients aged 7–12 years (52.44%; МG-1) and 68 patients aged 13–18 years (47.55%; МG-2) from the main group (MG) and 65 (41.66%; CG-1) and 91 (58.33%; CG-2) patients from the CG of the respective age groups.
RESULTS: The incidence rates of caries in the temporary teeth of MG-1 and CG-1 were 97.33% and 84.61% and in the permanent teeth of MG-2 and CG-2 were 95.58 and 87.91%, respectively. In the pre-eruptive period, the rates of dental lesions were as follows: hypoplasia, 20.97%; impaired dentition, 49.65%; primary adentia, 47.55%; anomalies of the completeness of teeth, 64.33%; endemic fluorosis of teeth, 2.79% in patients with PND; and 12.17%, 12.17%, 26.92%, 11.53%, and 0.6% in children and adolescents in CG, respectively (p < 0.0001): disappearance of dental hard tissues, 9.09%; dental injuries, 24.47%; enamel necrosis, 7.7%; enamel erosion, 17.5% of patients with MG. In children and adolescents of CG, only tooth trauma was noted in 7.7% and enamel necrosis in 1.3%. In patients with PND, 49.6% had distal occlusion; 37.8%, cross occlusion; 31.6%, neutral occlusion; 29.9%, deep incisor occlusion; 25.9%, deep incisor malocclusion; 54.5%, narrowing of the lower dentition; 43.3%, crowding of teeth in the lower jaw; 26.6%, diastemas; and tremas, 23.8%.
CONCLUSION: Non-carious lesions of the teeth and a shift in the timing of the development of temporary and permanent teeth are more common in MG than in CG and lead to impaired dental anatomy and disrupt the aesthetics of smiles, speech, etc. Moreover, hypertrophic gingivitis and local periodontitis were characteristic of children with severe PND, who are at high risk for dental pathologies associated with oxidative stress and genetically related immune system disorders, especially in older children with PND.
Full Text

About the authors
Sunnatullo A. Gafforov
Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers under the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Author for correspondence.
Email: sunnatullogafforov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2816-3162
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
Uzbekistan, TashkentFarhod Sh. Hamroev
Republican Children’s Neuropsychiatric Hospital named after U.K. Kurbanov
Email: rdpnb@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5292-1982
MD, Dr. Sci (Med.)
Uzbekistan, TashkentVazira Bahadurovna Kuldasheva
Tashkent State Dental Institute
Email: sunnatullogafforov@mail.ru
assistant of the department
Uzbekistan, TashkentMahfuza O. Shamsiyeva
Tashkent State Dental Institute
Email: adizova.mahfuza@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7400-1231
Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Nodira S. Madaminova
Tashkent State Dental Institute
Email: madaminova0205@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5084-336X
Uzbekistan, Tashkent
References
- WHO releases new report on global problem of oral diseases [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2009. [cited 2022 July 8]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2004/pr15/en/index.html
- Isakova GS, Mazhidova EN. Evaluation of the use of occupational therapy in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Actual Scientific Research in the Modern World. 2020;(11-4):60–63. (In Russ).
- Gafforov SA, Khamroyev F, Kuldasheva V. Dental and neurological pathologies in children: etiopatogenetic aspects of their interrelation and diagnostic. Uzbek Medical Journal. 2020;1(5):61–67.
- Kuruptursunov AA. Peculiarities of outpatient dental care in children with cerebral palsy. Bulletin of Medical Internet Conferences. 2014;4(4):371–372. (In Russ).
- Tarasova NV, Alyamovsky VV, Galonsky VG. Dental status of disabled children with varying degrees of mental retardation living in Russia. Pacific Medical Journal. 2014;(3):14–17. (In Russ).
- Khagurova SB. Osobennosti mineral’nogo obmena, antibakterial’noy i antioksidantnoy zashchity v rotovoy polosti pri kariyese zubov u detey s psikhonevrologicheskimi rasstroystvami [dissertation thesis]. Krasnodar; 2018. 24 p. (In Russ).
- Deps TD, Angelo GL, Martins CC, et al. Association between Dental Caries and Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0127484. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127484
- Kolyshkina MS, Kochetova MS. Some features of the examination of a patient with cerebral palsy at an orthodontic appointment. Bulletin of Medical Internet Conferences. 2017;7(9):1487–1489. (In Russ).
- Suntsov VG. Modern methods of treatment in pediatric dentistry. Moscow; 2017. 287 p. (In Russ).
- Volobuev VV. Optimizatsiya stomatologicheskoy pomoshchi detyam s psikhonevrologicheskimi rasstroystvam [dissertation thesis]. Moscow, 2017. 24 p. (In Russ).
- Gafforov SA, Yariyeva ОО. Importance of medical and social Factors in etiology of carious and non-carious diseases of children. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019;11(3):104.
- Gafforov SA, Durdiev ZhI. Violation of the formation of bone organs of the dentition system in children with respiratory system pathologies. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 2020;10(4):325–333. doi: 10.5958/2249-7137.2020.00190.1
- Ozornin AS, Ozornina NV, Govorin NV. Changes of lipid peroxidation and content of the erythrocyte membrane fatty acids in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. Russian Journal of Psychiatry. 2017;(2):47–53. (In Russ).
- Cohen LC, Dahlen G, Escobar A, et al. Dentistry in crisis: time to change. La Cascada Declaration. Aust Dent J. 2017;62(3):258–260. doi: 10.1111/adj.12546
- Gafforov SA, Atabaev ShT, Olimov SSh. Environmental sustainability, dentistry and human health: a guide. Tashkent; 2014. 330 p. (In Russ).
- Karimov DM. Printsipy rannego vyyavleniya i profilaktika sagital’nykh zubochelyustnykh anomaliy, diagnostika i podkhod k lecheniyuyu [dissertation]. Tashkent, 2019. 109 p. (In Russ).
- Nurova ShN, Gafforov SA, Nurov UN. Etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dentoalveolar anomalies in children associated with otorhinolaryngological diseases. Pediatrics (Tashkent). 2019;(4). (In Russ).
- Gulenko OV. Strategiya kompleksnoy stomatologicheskoy pomoshchi detyam s psikhonevrologicheskimi zabolevaniyami [dissertation]. Krasnodar; 2019. (In Russ).
- Gafforov SA, editor. Dentistry: a study guide. 2nd ed. Tashkent; 2021. 890 p. (In Russ).
