Comparative analysis of comprehensive oral microbiota profiles in patients with periodontitis of varying severity

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The oral cavity provides a favorable environment for the growth and metabolic activity of diverse microorganisms. This includes both beneficial symbiotic microorganisms and species capable of exerting pathogenic effects on the soft tissues of the periodontium, including certain members of the normal oral microbiota.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the etiopathogenetic role and prevalence of major oral microbial inhabitants in patients with periodontitis and in healthy individuals from the control group.

METHODS: The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the prevalence of various bacterial pathogens in the oral cavity of patients with periodontitis of varying severity and healthy individuals in the control group, and assessed their role in the etiology of periodontal diseases.

RESULTS: Analysis of the oral mucosal and gingival microbiota using both traditional and advanced methods revealed that individuals with various inflammatory periodontal diseases more frequently exhibit alterations in the composition of the periodontal microbiome, including an increased abundance of periodontopathogenic bacteria and pathogenic coccal flora.

CONCLUSION: The concomitant presence of red complex bacteria, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus appears to promote biofilm formation and increases the risk of exopolysaccharide matrix degradation, aligning with clinical features of periodontitis across different severity levels.

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About the authors

Nodira T. Nurmatova

Center for Professional Development of Medical Workers

Email: nurmatovanodira@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-5853-4062
Uzbekistan, 51a Parkent st, Tashkent, 100011

Sunnatullo A. Gafforov

Center for Professional Development of Medical Workers

Author for correspondence.
Email: sunnatullogafforov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2816-3162
SPIN-code: 9176-2861

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Uzbekistan, 51a Parkent st, Tashkent, 100011

Nargiza A. Shadmanova

Center for Retraining and Advanced Training of Personnel in the Field of Sanitary-Epidemiological Welfare and Public Health

Email: shadmanova06@yahoo.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-2610-4021
Tashkent

Javohirmirzo D. Odiljonov

Center for Professional Development of Medical Workers

Email: black_prince1112@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-4575-2884
Uzbekistan, 51a Parkent st, Tashkent, 100011

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Gender distribution of patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the periodontal complex (group 1) and healthy individuals (group 2), %.

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3. Fig. 2. Frequency of detection of the main representatives of the Streptococccaceae and Staphylococcaceae families in the examined groups, %. KPS — coagulase-positive staphylococci, KOS — coagulase-negative staphylococci, VGS — viridans group streptococci (α-hemolytic streptococci).

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4. Fig. 3. Classical method of identification of the main representatives of the Streptococcaceae and Staphylococcaceae families: a — growth of S. aureus on yolk-salt agar, b — growth of S. aureus on DNAse Test Agar, c — growth of S. aureus on blood agar

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5. Fig. 4. Classical method of identification of the main representatives of the genus Streptococcus from Streptococcus pyogenes. Gram staining, microscopy of representatives of the genus Streptococcus; a, b — potential representatives of the genus Streptococcus, c — gram-positive cocci

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6. Fig. 5. Identification of isolated isolates using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

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7. Fig. 6. Classical method of culturing obligate anaerobic microorganisms of the periodontal complex mucosa using anaerobic cultivators (anaerobic aerostats) with systems for creating an oxygen-free atmosphere (GasPak)

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8. Fig. 7. Comparative assessment of aerobic/facultative anaerobic isolates in different groups, %. CPS — coagulase-positive staphylococci

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9. Fig. 8. Comparative assessment of the frequency of occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms in participants of two groups examined using the polymerase chain reaction method, %

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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