THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LASER RADIATION WITH A WAVELENGTH OF 980 NM IN VESTIBULOPLASTY IN THE AREA OF INSTALLED DENTAL IMPLANTS

BACKGROUND: Deficiency of the attached keratinized gum and muscle strains often lead to the development of implantation complications. One of the methods of the formation of a buffer zone of keratinized gums is vestibuloplasty using a free gingival graft. It is of interest to evaluate the effectiveness of various modification tools in a comparative aspect, taking into account the well-known positive properties of high-intensity lasers.

Objective: To increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with a deficiency of attached keratinized gums in the area of installed dental implants through the use of a diode laser with a wavelength of 980 nm.

Methods:  The subjects of the study were patients diagnosed with a deficiency of the area of attached keratinized gums around dental implants. Two groups of patients were formed. The severity of collateral edema, mucosal hyperemia, and pain intensity were recorded in the dynamics of treatment. After 3 months, after the fixation of orthopedic structures, the parameters of the attached keratinized gum were evaluated.

Results: The patients in both groups were comparable in gender and age, with an average age of 47.3 years. Both methods resulted in a significant increase in the attached keratinized gum compared to the baseline level (the average increase in the group of patients operated with a scalpel was 2.29±1.1 mm, in the group operated with a laser – 2.88±1.12 mm; p<0.045). A pairwise comparison of the results of the assessment of pain, collateral edema and hyperemia in dynamics in patients of both groups according to the T-criterion for independent samples operated with a scalpel and laser radiation revealed statistically significant differences. The data obtained indicate a more pronounced pain symptoms and inflammatory response in patients undergoing scalpel surgery.

Conclusion: the use of laser technologies increases the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with a deficiency of attached keratinized gums in the area of dental implants compared with the traditional method of scalpel surgery, as this contributes to a more favorable course of the postoperative period and significantly greater increase in the width of keratinized gums in the area of installed dental implants.