Ways of Translating Polish Predicative Past Passive Participles into Old Church Slavonic in “Ecclesiastical Annals” of the 17th Century

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

The paper analyzes ways to translate Polish predicative past passive participles in “Ecclesiastical Annals” into Church Slavonic in the rendition of 1689. As the analysis of the material has shown, the text shows an orientation towards Church Slavonic tradition, syntactic Greekization, adherence to grammatical norms recorded by M. Smotritsky. This is evidenced by the widespread use of the aorist and imperfect to translate polish -no/-to forms, for which there was a better analogue in the living language, of the bookish construction да + praes., of the construction infinitive + subject in Dat., which was a syntactic Greekism, of the long forms of the past passive participles. At the same time living language elements, which corresponded to Polish forms, are poorly reflected in the Church Slavonic text. The use of the past passive participle with the auxiliary in present tense with the aorist meaning, that missed both in Old Church Slavonic and living language, is fixed in the translation of “Annals”. This is apparently due to the fixation of these forms in the grammar of M. Smotritsky. To identify specific features of the translation of 1648, the material is compared with another Church Slavonic translation of 1719. The comparison allows us to conclude that the translation of 1689 was more bookish-oriented. Thus, there are no bookish constructions да + praes and infinitive + subject in Dat. and predicative long forms of the past passive participles in the text of 1719. On the contrary, the use of past passive participles typical for the living language of that period is presented widely in this translation.

About the authors

M. V. Ermolova

V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: maria-anna2121@yandex.ru
18-2 Volkhonka Str., Moscow, 119019, Russia

References

  1. Nikolaev, S.I. Polsko-russkie literaturnye svyazi XVI–XVIII vv.: bibliograficheskie materialy [Polish-Russian Literary Relations of the 16th–17th Centuries: Bibliographical Materials]. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoria Publ., 2008. 248 p. (In Russ.)
  2. Novak, M.O. Leksika tserkovnoslavyanskogo perevoda “Tserkovnykh Annalov” Baroniya (XVII v.): vliyanie Chudovskogo kruga [Lexicon of the Church Slavonic Translation of “Ecclesiastical Annals” by Baronii (the 17th Century): Influence of the Chudov School of translation]. Kompleksnyj podkhod v izuchenii Drevnej Rusi. Sbornik materialov XII Mezhdunarodnoj konferencii. Prilozhenie k zhurnalu “Drevnyaya Rus. Voprosy medievistiki” [An Integrated Approach to the Study of Ancient Russia. Collection of Materials of the 12th International Conference. Appendix to the Periodical “Ancient Russia. Issues of Medieval Studies”]. Moscow: Indrik Publ., 2023, pp. 204–205. (In Russ.)
  3. Novak, M.O. Sintaksicheskie resheniya v tserkovnoslavyanskikh perevodakh “Tserkovnykh Annalov” XVII v. [Syntactic Solutions in Church Slavonic Translations of “Ecclesiastical Annals” of the 17th Century]. Sovremennaya lingvistika: klyuch k dialogu: trudy` i materialy` IV Kazanskogo mezhdunarodnogo lingvisticheskogo sammita (Kazan`, 13–15. 12. 2023): V 3 t. / Pod obshch. red. I.E. Yarmakeeva, F.H. Tarasovoj [Modern Linguistics: The Key to Dialogue: Proceedings and Materials of the 4th Kazan International Linguistic Summit (Kazan, December 13–15, 2023): in 3 Volumes, under the general editorship of I.E. Yarmakeev, F.H. Tarasova.]. Kazan: Izdatel’stvo Kazanskogo universiteta Publ., 2024, pp. 253–256. (In Russ.)
  4. Isachenko, T.A. Moskovskaya knizhnost` XV–XVII vv.: perevodcheskaya shkola mitropolichjego i patriarshego skriptoriya [Moscow Literature of the 15th–17th Centuries: Translation School of the Metropolitan and Patriarchal Scriptotium]. Dis. … doktora philolog. nauk [Dissertation of the Doctor of Philology]. Moscow, 2009. (In Russ.)
  5. Pentkovskaya, T.V. Gretsizatsiya v tserkovnoslavyanskikh perevodakh s polskogo Chudovskoj knizhnoj shkoly [Greekization in Church Slavonic Translations from Polish by the Chudov Book School]. Klassicheskie yazyki v postklassicheskij period: sbornik statej [Classical Languages in the Postclassic Period. Collection of Articles]. Kazan, 2017, pp. 167–177. (In Russ.)
  6. Isachenko, T.A. Vera i protivlenie v otvetakh i oblicheniyakh 80–90-x gg. XVII v. Novye biblejskie perevody v filologicheskikh shkolakh XVII v. [Faith and Resistance in Answers and Denunciations of the 80s and 90s of the 17th Century. New Biblical Translations in Philological Schools of the 17th Century]. Moscow: Azbukovnik Publ., 2015. (In Russ.)
  7. Pentkovskaya, T.V. “Slovo o milosti” v moskovskom perevode vtoroj poloviny XVII v. i ego polskij original: osobennosti yazyka i perevodcheskoj tekhniki [“The Word of Mercy” in the Moscow Translation of the Second Half of the 17th Century and its Polish Original: Features of Language and Translation Techniques]. Pismennost, literatura, folkloslavyanskikh narodov. Istoriya slavistiki. XVI Mezhdunarodnyj sjezd slavistov (Belgrad, 20‒27 avgusta 2018 g.). Doklady Rossijskoj delegacii [Writing, Literature, Folklore of Slavic Peoples. The History of Slavic Studies. The 16th International Congress of Slavists (Belgrade, August 20‒27, 2018). Reports of the Russian Delegation]. Moscow: Institut russkogo yazyka im. V.V. Vinogradova RAN Publ., 2018, pp. 82–101. (In Russ.)
  8. Deyaniya tserkovnye i grazhdanskie [Church and Civil Acts]. Мoscow: Tip. P.P. Ryabushynskogo Publ., 1913–1915. (In Russ.)
  9. Tikhomirova, T.S. Polskij yazyk. Grammaticheskij ocherk, literaturnye teksty s kommentariyami i slovarem [Grammar Essay, Literary Texts with Comments and Dictionary]. Moscow: Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta Publ., 1978. (In Russ.)
  10. Brajerski, T. Konstrukcje typu “Tam pierwszy rodzic Adam stworzony” [Constructions Like “Adam Was Created There as The First Parent”]. Język Polski [Polish Language]. 1971, 51, No. 3, pp. 166–177. (In Polish)
  11. Brajerski, T. Geneza orzeczeń typu (z)jedzono i (vy)pito [The Genesis of Expressions Like (z)jedzono (Sitting) and (vy)pito (Drinking)]. Język Polski [Polish Language]. 1979, 59, pp. 84–98. (In Polish)
  12. Kowalska, A. Przyczynek do ewolucji form jest zabit, jest zabito, są zabity [Contribution to the Evolution of Forms jest zabit, jest zabito (is killed), są zabity (are killed)]. Prace językoznawcze 19. Studia polonistyczne. Pod red. A. Kowalskiej, A. Wilkonia [Linguistic Works 19. Polonistic Studies (Edited by A. Kovalskaya, A. Wilkonya)]. Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski Publ., 1991, pp. 100–107. (In Polish)
  13. Roczne dzieie kośćielne od narodzenia Pana y Boga naszego Iesusa Christusa, wybrane z rocznych dzieiow kościelnych Cesarza Baronivsza… nazwanych Annales Ecclesiastici, przez X. Piotra Skargę <...> [The Annual Ecclesiastical Acts of the Nativity of Our Lord and God Jesus Christ, Selected from the Annual Ecclesiastical Acts of Emperor Barons, Called Annales Ecclesiastici]. W Krakowie, W drukarniey Andrzeia Piotrkowczyka, Roku P. 1607. 1202 p. URL: https://books.google.ru/books?id=vhhlAAAAcAAJ (In Polish)
  14. Knyazev, Yu.P. Grammaticheskaya semantika. Russkii yazyk v tipologicheskoi perspektive [Grammatical Semantics. Russian Language in Typological Perspective]. Moscow: Yazyki Slavyanskikh Kultur Publ., 2007. (In Russ.)
  15. Borkovskiy, V.I. (Ed.). Sravnitelno-istoricheskii sintaksis vostochnoslavyanskikh yazykov. Chleny predlozheniya [Comparative-Historical Syntax of East Slavic: Parts of Sentence]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1968. (In Russ.)
  16. Nikiforov, S.D. Glagol, ego kategorii i formy v russkoi pismennosti vtoroi poloviny XVI veka. [Verb, its Categories, and its Forms in Written Russian of the late 17th Century]. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR Press, 1952. (In Russ.)
  17. Ermolova, M.V. K voprosu o grammatikalizatsii stradatelnykh prichastij proshedshego vremeni v starorusskom yazyke [On the Grammaticalization of Past Passive Participles in Middle Russian]. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Tpoics in the Study of Language]. 2023, No. 4, pp. 47–64. (In Russ.)
  18. Sharikhina, M.G. Peredacha grecheskogo substantivirovannogo infinitiva v slavyanskom perevode evkhologiya velikoj tserkvi [The Rendering of the Greek Substantivized Infinitive in the Slavic Translation of the Euchologion of the Great Church]. Russkij yazy`k v nauchnom osveshhenii [The Russian Language in Scientific Coverage]. 2016, No. 2 (32), pp. 175–187. (In Russ.)
  19. Kuzminova, E.A. (Ed.) Grammatika 1648 g. [Grammar of 1688]. Moscow: MAKS Press, 2007. (In Russ.)
  20. Uspenskiy, B.A. Istoriya russkogo literaturnogo yazy`ka (XI–XVII vv.) [History of the Russian Literary Language (11th–17th Centuries)]. Moscow: Aspekt Press, 2002. (In Russ.)

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2025 Russian Academy of Sciences