Vol 14, No 2 (2010)

A clinico-morphological study of 31 resection biopsy samples of the maxillary sinus and maxillary bony tissue taken from 30 patients was carried out; the character of pathological changes was defined; correlations between clinical, laboratory, and morphological parameters in chronic odontogenic sinusitis were defined after there alternative qualitative quantification. Pathological changes in the epithelium and mucosal glands consisted in necrotic, desquamative, and hyperplastic processes accompanied by gland hypersecretion. The activity and prevalence of sinus tissue inflammation varied between exudative inflammation of different degrees of activity (from serous to fibrinous-purulent) and productive-infiltrative one; the degree of fibrosis of the proper plate of the mucosa varied as well. The strongest associations were between the following morphological parameters: "the degree of epithelium changes" and "goblet cell hypersecretion" (positive correlation), and "the degree of mucosal edema" and "the kind of exudative inflammation" (negative correlation). Moderate associations were between separate clinical, laboratory, and morphological parameters characterizing symptoms of the disease and the condition of pathological processes.

Выявляли снижение естественной неспецифической защиты в полости рта, высокую частоту кандидоза и большую обсемененность слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) грибами рода Candida у больных бронхиальной астмой, которым назначали ингаляционные и системные глюкокортикоиды (СГК), особенно ежедневно. Уровень секреторного IgA и активность лизоцима слюны имели обратную корреляционную связь с обсемененностью СОПР грибами рода Candida. При анализе показателей гуморального иммунитета и системы фагоцитоза в сыворотке крови определяли угнетение изучаемых факторов, что обусловлено катаболическим действием СГК.

Within the last years, a natural population aging process has been going on in Russian Federation. In this regard, rendering dental aid to the elderly is of great importance. Dental implantation, the most modern method to treat adentia, is considered in the article. Inflammatory complications after implantation - periimplantites - and their treatment with low-intensity laser and the preparation Imudon are considered as well.

The authors compared different methods of jaw immobilization in combined craniofacial injuries, including new ones. Immobilization with on-tooth orthopedic constructions is a method of indirect force application with certain undesirable consequences. Jaw immobilization with intraoral CFS is a method of direct force application on the bony tissue of the jaw. The use of CFS for jaw immobilization, adaptation of fragments, and reestablishment of occlusion is an efficient method. Comparison of this method with conventional methods of splinting and jaw fragment traction in 23 patients demonstrated the advantages of CFS application. The method can be used within ICU, is functionally efficient, technically simple, and relatively cheap. Clinical and X-ray control of the condition of the screws, teeth, and oral mucosa is possible.

Diagnostics of neurodental diseases is one of important medical problems. There main clinical manifestations are pain syndrome and neurological disturbances in the maxillofacial area. This group includes diseases with a primary involvement of the trigeminal nerve as well as diseases one of whose leading clinical symptoms is facial pain caused by odontogenic reasons (joint diseases, occlusion pathology, dental diseases etc.) Taking into account differential diagnostic difficulties, these diseases require special approaches to there diagnosis.

In there professional activity, dental orthopedists are exposed to pathogens that can be transmitted via air, direct contact with a patients (saliva etc.), or dust particles that are formed during dental preparation and can fall on the skin or mucosal membranes. In this regard, development of a complex of preventive measures capable of reducing the effect of hazardous factors on health of all orthopedic dental team members is an important task.