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Vol 25, No 5 (2021)

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Clinical Investigation

Quality of life of patients with total loss of teeth and psychometric properties of the OHIP-20 DG enquirer. Part 1. Validization and automation

Arutyunov S.D., Muslov S.A., Chizhmakov E.A., Grachev D.I., Nersesov G.S., Kharakh Y.N.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite numerous studies on the quality of life of patients with dental issues, no specific questionnaire is available for patients with total loss of teeth.

AIM: This study aimed to establish the level of validation and automation effectiveness of the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire for assessing life quality satisfaction of patients who received fully removable plate prostheses.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The questionnaire was validated by analyzing the psychometric parameters of 50 patients based on the results of the questionnaire survey (17 women, 33 men; aged 42–87 years).

RESULTS: The reliability (self-consistency) of the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire was adequate based on the following values: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, 0.78–0.81; individual functional scales, 0.66–0.73; convergent validity, 0.129–0.503; divergent validity, 0.0004–0.504; and discrimination, 0.40–0.89. The scaling success rate of symptomatic subscales ranged from 91.67% to 100%.

CONCLUSION: The OHIP-20 questionnaire is suitable as a measuring tool for assessing the life quality satisfaction of patients who received fully removable plate prostheses. The “OHIP-20-DG” application for mobile devices reduces the amount of routine operations in collecting data and processing examination results; thus, it can be recommended for clinical work in dental prosthetics.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):387-397
pages 387-397 views

Quality of life of patients with total loss of teeth and psychometric properties of the OHIP-20 DG enquireR. Part 2. Monitoring stages of dental orthopedic treatment

Arutyunov S.D., Muslov S.A., Ruzuddinov N.S., Chizhmakov E.A., Grachev D.I., Kharakh Y.N., Nersesov G.S.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most affordable and economical types of prosthetics are modern designs of completely removable plate prostheses. However, in most cases, they do not meet the patient’s expectation. OHIP-20-DG, which is a specific quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaire, is a valid tool that allows diagnosis of patient’s response to treatment, assessment of the effectiveness of prosthetics, and better understanding of patients’ complaints and dissatisfaction.

AIM: To create a sensitive specific questionnaire of dental QOL indicators for patients with total loss of teeth based on the well-known valid questionnaire “Dental health impact profile” OHIP-49 and to examine patients’ quality of life before and after prosthetic application.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The QOL of 50 patients with total loss of teeth (17 women and 33 men, aged 42–87 years), who received removable dentures with an acrylic polymer base and set teeth, was examined. QOL monitoring was performed using the proposed specific questionnaire OHIP-20 DG.

RESULTS: The integral QOL index increased to 47.42% after prosthetic application and to 78.43% following adaptation to the prosthesis after 6 months. Age and gender differences in the QOL level of patients were determined. According to the domains “physical discomfort,” “psychological discomfort,” and “social maladjustment,” men and women assessed their satisfaction with their physical, psychological, emotional, and social functioning differently. Gender differences in patients aged ≥55 years in the “psychological discomfort” and “social maladjustment” domains were significant (p=0.065) when compared with those of patients aged <55 years (p=0.115).

CONCLUSION: Results of monitoring the QOL of patients with total loss of teeth before, during the stages, and after application of prosthetics with fully removable dentures, obtained using the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire, allow us to reliably assess the effectiveness of prosthetics.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):399-408
pages 399-408 views

Clinical characteristics of sialadenosis in patients with omegapenia before and after treatment

Afanasjev V.V., Tseloev M.M.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sialadenoses are often diagnosed as concomitant with certain human diseases. At the initial disease stage, it is not always possible to establish the causative pathological process. Omega-3 fatty acids have great effects on humans. The most important omega-3 fatty acids are actively involved in the metabolism, are the building materials of cells, and help in the prevention of certain diseases.

AIM: The omega-3 levels in 20 patients were examined. Moreover, levels of omega-3 in 20 patients with sialadenosis were measured before and after treatment with omega-3 to determine the functional activity of the salivary glands depending on the concentrations in the tissues.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid is the collective name of several fatty acids; although they are not synthesized in the right quantities in humans, they are necessary for maintaining health. The most important omega-3 fatty acids are actively involved in the metabolism and help in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, depression, and impaired tissue microcirculation, substantially affecting the human body.

RESULTS: The omega-3 index before treatment was significantly reduced in all patients with sialadenosis, and it significantly increased (p ≤0.001) after treatment in both women and men. Moreover, the secretory function of the salivary glands significantly improved, the viscosity decreased, and the pH of the mixed saliva was restored.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed normalization of the omega-3 index level in the erythrocyte membrane after treatment with omega-3, improvement of the secretory activity of the salivary glands, reduction of viscosity, and restoration of the pH of mixed saliva.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):409-414
pages 409-414 views

Comparative analysis of dental micromobility at the stages of orthodontic dental protrusion treatment in patients with healthy periodontium and generalized periodontitis of moderate severity

Evnevich K.A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Literature data revealed that the prevalence of periodontal diseases in all age groups is high, at 90%–95%. The inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues have a multifactorial nature. The application of a small force while correcting dentofacial anomalies and deformities is necessary to achieve the desired results and to preserve physiological processes in the periodontium in case of bone resorption and alveolar process bone formation at the stages of correction.

AIM: To assess dental mobility dynamics according to periotestometry data in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity and protrusion of the anterior teeth at the stages of orthodontic treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 70 patients aged 35–44 years with generalized periodontitis of moderate severity, complete dentition, absence of orthopedic structures, and protrusion of incisors without general somatic diseases were examined and treated. Dental micromobility was assessed using the “periotest” apparatus prior to orthodontic treatment, at the stage of eliminating gaps and after removing the bracket system.

RESULTS: The dental micromobility increased after the application of the braces, but in group 2 with generalized periodontitis of moderate severity, it was by 2.67 times higher. Anterior teeth position stabilization lead to a gradual decrease (stabilization) in periotestometry indicators. In group 2 “b” using a low-force traction, this process was more intensive.

CONCLUSION: The dynamics of periotestometry indicators at the stages of orthodontic treatment of dental protrusion in the presence of generalized periodontitis of moderate severity indicates the formation of favorable conditions in the periodontium for the mobility of the teeth using low-force traction.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):415-421
pages 415-421 views

Clinical study of the toothpaste for the treatment of dental hypersensitivity

Razumova S.N., Brago A.S., Kozlova Y.S., Fomina A.D., Glybina T.A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Given the increasing number of local and general factors in the development of hyperesthesia symptoms, the problem of the prevention and treatment of dental hypersensitivity is becoming increasingly urgent.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of toothpaste with low abrasiveness (relative dentin abrasivity 35) fluorides for sensitive teeth.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients were diagnosed with hyperesthesia of the hard tissues of the teeth. Patients used the proposed toothpaste containing RDA 35, aminofluoride, and sodium fluoride. Hyperesthesia was determined before brushing, immediately after brushing, after 1 week, and after 1 month of using the studied toothpaste. Hyperesthesia was determined using a stream of air (Schiff test) and irritation with a dental probe (Wong–Becker scale).

RESULTS: After 1 month of using the toothpaste, 97.1% (n=34) of the patients showed a decrease in dental sensitivity according to the Schiff test and 100% (35) according to the Wong–Becker scale.

CONCLUSION: The presented toothpaste helps reduce hyperesthesia of hard dental tissues in 100% of cases within a month of its use.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):423-430
pages 423-430 views

Microcirculation of the salivary glands in patients with sialadenosis and hypogonadism before and after treatment

Tseloev M.M., Afanasjev V.V.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sialadenoses are often diagnosed as concomitant with certain human diseases. At the initial disease stage, it is not always possible to establish the causative pathological process. Omega-3 fatty acids have great effects on humans. The most important Omega-3 fatty acids are actively involved in the metabolism, are the building materials of cells, and help in the prevention of certain diseases.

AIM: The Omega-3 levels in 20 patients were examined. Moreover, levels of Omega-3 in 20 patients with sialadenosis were measured before and after treatment with Omega-3 to determine the functional activity of the salivary glands depending on the concentrations in the tissues.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Polyunsaturated Omega-3 fatty acid is the collective name of several fatty acids; although they are not synthesized in the right quantities in humans, they are necessary for maintaining health. The most important Omega-3 fatty acids are actively involved in the metabolism and help in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, depression, and impaired tissue microcirculation, substantially affecting the human body.

RESULTS: The Omega-3 index before treatment was significantly reduced in all patients with sialadenosis, and it significantly increased (p ≤0.001) after treatment in both women and men. Moreover, the secretory function of the salivary glands significantly improved, the viscosity decreased, and the pH of the mixed saliva was restored.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed normalization of the Omega-3 index level in the erythrocyte membrane after treatment with Omega-3, improvement of the secretory activity of the salivary glands, reduction of viscosity, and restoration of the pH of mixed saliva.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):431-434
pages 431-434 views

Organization of Healthcare Service

Restoration of the contact surfaces and contact points of the posterior teeth from the practical dentists’ point of view: A questionnaire survey

Nikolaev A.I., Shashmurina V.R., Ginali A.N., Permyakova A.V.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Increasing the efficiency of the restoration of the contact surfaces of the posterior teeth by considering age-related characteristics in performing direct aesthetic restoration with composite materials remains an urgent task of modern dentistry, requiring a comprehensive analysis of existing problems.

AIM: To assess the attitude of practitioners to the restoration of the contact points of the lateral teeth by direct composite restoration and the level of their practical and theoretical preparedness.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey of 376 practical dentists conducting therapeutic reception of adult patients (“therapeutic dentistry” and “general dentistry”) was conducted: 238 dentists took part in the face-to-face survey and 138 dentists in the online survey.

RESULT: The restoration of the contact points during the treatment of patients with caries of the contact surfaces of the lateral teeth by direct composite restoration causes significant difficulties for practical dentists: 70.4±2.36% (p <0.005) of the respondents feel uncertain about the success of this manipulation, 14.4±1.77% regularly experience problems while performing this manipulation, 18.1±1.98% noted frequent or constant dissatisfaction with the results of their work after the restoration of the contact points of the posterior teeth, 76.2±2.19% (p <0.005) have information about age-related changes in the shape and topography of the contact points, 46.5±2.57% indicated the absence of methods and tools that allow to reproduce in clinical conditions the age-related features of the shape and topography of contact points, and 72.9±2.29% (p <0.005) prefer, if possible, not to take responsibility for the final outcomes of this manipulation.

CONCLUSION: Studies aimed at developing methods for restoring the age characteristics of contact points in treating patients with caries on the contact surfaces of the posterior teeth using aesthetic restoration with composite materials are necessary.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):435-443
pages 435-443 views

Reviews

Formation of the interdental papilla by surgical method

Babanina A.A., Dorzhieva M.Y., Runova G.S., Revazova Z.E., Daurova F.Y., Tomaeva D.I.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The loss of interdental gingival papillae or the presence of “black triangles” between the teeth is one of the important problems in aesthetic dentistry, along with the loss of teeth and violation of the integrity of the hard tissues of the tooth. These patients have aesthetic, phonetic disorders, and it is also possible that food gets stuck between the teeth, which causes discomfort in the oral cavity and leads to periodontal diseases. Currently, an increasing percentage of people with orthopedic structures have a recession of the interdental gum. To improve the predicted result, it is necessary to approach this problem in an interdisciplinary way.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The search for publications was conducted in four electronic databases: Pubmed, Google search, eLibrary and dissercat from 2006 to 2021. 157 full-text publications were analyzed, of which 40 publications were included in the systematic review.

RESULTS: According to various studies, the restoration of the lost interdental papilla varies from 1.68 to 5 mm. Complete restoration of the interdental papilla occurs when using microsurgical methods of restoration of the interdental gum. The least injury to soft tissues leads to the best results and reduces the risk of complications.

CONCLUSION: Restoration of the interdental papilla is a complex surgical manipulation where microsurgical instruments must be used. Any rupture or excessive injury of the isthmus of the interdental papilla leads to a violation of blood supply, which leads to necrosis of the graft and aesthetic dissatisfaction.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):445-454
pages 445-454 views

Dental health as a factor of provoking carcinogenesis

Panferova O.I., Kudasova E.O., Kochurova E.V., Nikolenko V.N.

Abstract

The review discusses the association between dental health and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa. Studies for the last few years from the databases of PubMed, MedLine, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, and eLibrary.Ru were analyzed. Literature sources taken for the review are indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI. The causal relationship between the lack of oral sanitation, bad habits, unhealthy lifestyle, oral mucosa damage, microbiome changes, and presence of tumor pathology was considered. Poor-quality dental treatment can cause an oncological burden, and unhygienic sanitation of the cavity is a significant predictor of the occurrence of tumor pathology of the maxillofacial region.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):455-462
pages 455-462 views

History of Medicine

Soviet-German communications in the field of dentistry in the 1920s

Gonchar V.V.

Abstract

This article is devoted to the history of Soviet–German relations in the field of dentistry in the 1920s. Despite ideological differences, Soviet and German dentists joined forces to overcome the negative consequences of prolonged hostilities and international isolation. The historically formed traditions of the exchange of scientific knowledge and practical experience resulted in the mutually beneficial interaction between the two countries. In this process, both sides were guided by purely pragmatic considerations and used the possibilities of cooperation to achieve their own, significantly different goals. The organizers of Soviet dentistry used the experiences learned, personal observations, and information received from German colleagues to build a state dental service, while providing an opportunity to promote communist ideology and achievements of the Soviet state.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):463-468
pages 463-468 views

Memory pages

Professor Iosif Solomonovich Rubinov — scientist, clinician, pedagogue

Iordanishvili A.K.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The name of Iosif Solomonovich Rubinov, a prominent Russian dentist and the founder of the physiological direction in dentistry, is little known today to the dental community of Russia, neighboring countries and beyond, although the scientific legacy of Professor I.S. Rubinov is a valuable contribution to the development of medical science and all sections of dentistry.

AIM: To highlight the scientific, clinical, pedagogical, and social activities of Professor I.S. Rubinov, an outstanding dentist, Doctor of Medical Sciences.

МATERIAL AND METHODS: The material for the article was the national literature in the field of dentistry and physiology as well as information and recollections of I.S. Rubinov’s colleagues and pupils about his professional activity.

RESULTS: Professor I.S. Rubinov in the course of his research work proposed and substantiated the doctrine of functional masticatory links and reflexes of the masticatory apparatus, proposed new objective methods of evaluation in the clinic of dentistry of the state of the masticatory apparatus: the technique of chewing test (today called “by Rubinov”), methods of masticationography (method of studying the act of chewing and movement of the mandible during chewing), phagiography (method of studying the act of swallowing), electromyography and others. He developed the method of myogymnastics in diseases of temporomandibular joint, design of artificial chewing teeth with self-sharpening chewing surface. With his participation conditions were created for the introduction of the most rational constructions of supported dental prostheses into the wide clinical practice. With I.S. Rubinov’s participation, cobalt-chromium alloy was commercially available at the Leningrad factory of dental materials in 1961 and in 1964 — refractory mass silamin and duplicate mass gelin for fabrication of solidly cast dental (supported, partial dentures).

CONCLUSION: The scientific legacy of Professor I.S. Rubinov is a valuable contribution to the development of medical science and all sections of dentistry. He did especially much in the study of complex issues of physiology and pathophysiology of the chewing apparatus: the function of chewing and swallowing, as well as the neuro-reflexive coordination of organs and tissues of the chewing apparatus.

Russian Journal of Dentistry. 2021;25(5):469-474
pages 469-474 views


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