Vol 24, No 5 (2020)

Background. In modern dental practice, there is a problem of complications after treatment of caries, such as the postoperative sensitivity of the tooth, formation of secondary caries, and caries complications in the form of pulpitis or periodontitis of the tooth. In addition, this problem exists despite the achievements in the production of high-quality composite filling materials, which are very popular among dentists worldwide. One of the problems that lead to complications after caries treatment is a violation of the integrity of the adhesive bond between the composite and the tooth tissue, which is manifested by a violation of the seal of restoration and the formation of a gap between the filling material and the tooth tissues. This in turn leads to the development of tooth sensitivity and the possibility of bacterial invasion between the filling material and the walls of the tooth, followed by the progression of the pathological process. In the scientific literature, there is evidence of the positive effect of preheating and vibration on the composite before its polymerization.

Aim. Additionally, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of physical impact, such as heating and vibration, on the composite using ultrasound in order to improve the quality of the adhesive fixation of the composite filling material to the walls of the tooth.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the extracted teeth of patients. Based on this, we have proposed a method for the simultaneous thermo-vibration action on a non-polymerized composite directly in the formed tooth cavity to improve the physicochemical, including the adhesive, properties of light-curing composites.

Results of the study revealed a statistically significant positive effect of thermo-vibration on the composite, not only in comparison with the classical method of working with the composite at room temperature, but also with the method of preheating the composite in a furnace used for heating the composite.

Aim of the study was to study lateral TRG in 43 patients with grade III vertical disocclusion of the dentition at the age of 7 to 18 years.

Material and methods. Lateral telerentgenogram were used to study the angle indices SN-NL, SN-ML, NL-ML, showing the ratio of the upper and lower jaw relative to the base of the skull and relative to each other.

The highest values of the SN-NL angle were observed in children of 1 group at the age of 18 years — 9.0°, in 2 group at the age of 18 years — 9.3°, in 3 group at the age of 17 years — 8.9°. The lowest values of the SN-NL angle were observed in children of group 1 at the age of 7, 8, 10 years — 7.5°, in group 2 at the age of 7 years — 8.5°, in group 3 at the age of 7 years — 8.4°.

The highest values of the SN-ML angle were observed in children of group 1 at the age of 15, 16, 17, 18 years — 33°, in group 2 at the age of 18 years — 37°, in group 3 at the age of 17, 18 years — 36°. The lowest indices of the angle SN-ML was the children 1 age group 12 years — 31° in group 2 at the age of 11 — 33°, group 3, ages 11, 12, and 13 — 34°. The highest values of NL-ML — 34° angle were observed in children aged 17 years from group 1, in group 2 at age 17, 18 years — 33°, in group 3 at age 13, 14 and 18 years — 30°. In children of group 1 aged 7, 8, 11, 2 groups at the age of 9, 10 and 3 groups at the age of 8 years identified the least parameters of an angle NL-ML — 28°, 28°, 27°, respectively.

Results. As a result of the study, it was noted that in children with vertical dysocclusion of the dentition of the third degree, the angles SN-NL, SN-ML, NL-ML have high indicators, which characterizes the vertical type of skull growth.

The article presents new materials about active and interactive teaching methods in improving the quality and modernization of the modern medical education system. The information about the objects of research and innovative technologies of interactive training in the specialty “therapeutic dentistry” is presented. The stages of organizing an interactive educational process are outlined with the outlook for the knowledge gained, as well as improving the organization of the control system for teaching and mastering practical skills, organizing and conducting for the first time a master class with training in Uzbekistan, congresses and international scientific and practical conferences with the invitation of foreign dentists.

Introduction. Xerostomia is a permanent or temporary feeling of dryness of the oral cavity. It can be objective or subjective and is characterized by complaints of dryness of the oral cavity, discomfort when talking and eating, as well as a decrease in free saliva, which significantly impairs the quality of life. The diverse causes of xerostomia, including diseases of the salivary glands, long-term use of homeopathic, cardiac, etc. remedies, consequences of radiation therapy, etc.

Materials and methods. Treatment of patients with xerostomia is mainly symptomatic, using salivozameniteli. In the Russian Federation, various saliva substitutes are presented by foreign companies. Among them, stands out a set (line) of salivozamenitele Xerostom. Therefore, we conducted a study of the effectiveness of the rinse aid, and also studied its antibacterial properties in patients with true xerostomia.

Conclusion. It was found that the Xerostom rinse aid was effective in 70% of patients. At the same time, the rinse aid did not have antibacterial properties in relation to gram-positive aerobic S. Aureus and gram-negative anaerobic Klebsiella pneumonia.

The role of the Siberian general surgical scientific school of Professor P. I. Tikhov of the Imperial Tomsk University, which influenced the formation and development of maxillofacial surgery in our country, and enriched domestic and world surgery is considered in this article.

This article provides a systematic review of studies on the composition of leech saliva secretions, the method of hirudotherapy, and the results of hirudotherapy in complex treatment. The following databases were used to search for the study: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, and Global Health. When using known methods of treatment, there is often no stability of results, this is explained by the search for new drugs and methods for treating periodontitis. It is known that the secret of the salivary glands of the medical leech contains more than 100 biologically active substances. The therapeutic effect of hirudotherapy is associated with the mechanical discharge of blood flow and the action of a complex salivary gland secretion of a medical leech. The molecules that exist in leech saliva and are the most studied to date include active substances such as hyaluronidase, hirudin, Kalin, destabilase, bdellins, histamine-like substances, hirustazine, factor XA inhibitor, and collagenase. It is scientifically proven that hirudotherapy leads to a significant improvement in the clinical condition of periodontal tissues, is simple, accessible, and can be recommended for use in the practice of periodontists.

This is an analysis of Russian and international scientific data about the modern aspects of jaw alveolitis prevention and treatment over the period from 2000 to 2020. Selection of the scientific literature was conducted in the Central Scientific Medical Library, electronic Medical library eLIBRARY.RU, and also on the database of medical publications PubMed. The review analyses clinical and experimental studies on various methods of drug therapy for patients with alveolitis in order to determine the most effective and modern method of therapy for this nosology.

The purpose of the study is in connection with the 90th anniversary of the outstanding scientist and clinician of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Tatyana Grigorievna Robustova to highlight her scientific, medical, pedagogical and social activities, to consider the formation of T.G. Robustova as a professional of the first magnitude in Russia, to present the main scientific areas of research in the field of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry, to note its personality characteristics.

Marsel Zakeevich Mirgazizov passed away - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Honored Dentist of Russia, Honorary Member of the International Academy of Pierre Fauchard, Member of the International Academy of Medical Materials and Implants with Shape Memory, a remarkable scientist with a broad outlook , an indomitable thirst for new knowledge and just a very good, intelligent person.